【已解决】antlr解析字符串STRING出错：no viable alternative at input，对应的错误是NoViableAltException(0@[null])

【问题】

用antlrworks-1.5rc2.jar，去调试如下antlr v3的语法：

fragment
STRING
    :  '"' ( ESC_SEQ | ~('\\'|'"') )* '"'
    ;
 
     
 
ESC_SEQ
    :   '\\' ('b'|'t'|'n'|'f'|'r'|'\"'|'\''|'\\')
    |   UNICODE_ESC
    |   OCTAL_ESC
    ;
 
fragment
OCTAL_ESC
    :   '\\' ('0'..'3') ('0'..'7') ('0'..'7')
    |   '\\' ('0'..'7') ('0'..'7')
    |   '\\' ('0'..'7')
    ;
 
fragment
UNICODE_ESC
    :   '\\' 'u' HEX_DIGIT HEX_DIGIT HEX_DIGIT HEX_DIGIT
    ;
     
//DECIMAL_VALUE :   DIGIT*;
DECIMAL_VALUE   :   DIGIT+;
//DECIMAL_VALUE :   '1'..'9' DIGIT*;
 
//HEX_DIGIT : ('0'..'9'|'a'..'f'|'A'..'F') ;
//HEX_DIGIT : (DIGIT|'a'..'f'|'A'..'F') ;
HEX_DIGIT : ('a'..'f'|'A'..'F' | DIGIT) ;
 
//fragment
ID  :   ('a'..'z'|'A'..'Z'|'_') ('a'..'z'|'A'..'Z'|'0'..'9'|'_')*
    ;
 
define_value    :   ID;
imported_value  :   '[' ID ']'; /* normal ID with [] */
define_imported_value
        :   define_value | imported_value;  
direct_value    :   (DECIMAL_VALUE | HEX_VALUE);
string_value    :   (STRING | define_imported_value);
 
triplet_description
        :   string_value;
triplet_help    :   string_value;
triplet     :   '{' triplet_interger ',' triplet_description ',' triplet_help '}' ; 
enumerate_line  :   (define_value | triplet);
type_struct :   '{' enumerate_line (',' enumerate_line)* '}';
type        :   'TYPE' single_type_value '(' DECIMAL_VALUE ')' type_struct? ';' ;
 
variable_field  :   class_line | label | type | help | constant_unit | handling;
variable    :   'REDEFINE'? 'VARIABLE' ID '{' variable_field+ '}';

去匹配如下内容：

TYPE            ENUMERATED (4)
{
    {0x1E6D11, "|en|Softing", [mfr_id_help]}
}
CONSTANT_UNIT   [blank] ;

结果调试期间，出错：

D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 60:29 no viable alternative at input '"'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 60:30 no viable alternative at character '|'

对应的异常是：

NoViableAltException(0@[null])

【解决过程】

1.很明显，其中是，对于字符串：

"|en|Softing"

去解析的时候，使用定义：

fragment
STRING
    :  '"' ( ESC_SEQ | ~('\\'|'"') )* '"'
    ;
     
string_value    :   (STRING | define_imported_value);

然后在STRING的位置，出错了，无法解析对应的

"|en|Softing"

中的第一个双引号和竖线，因此才报错：

no viable alternative at input '"'

和

no viable alternative at character '|'

的。

但是，问题很奇怪的是，此处，已经通过STRING，去定义了对应的字符串了啊。

而：

STRING
    :  '"' ( ESC_SEQ | ~('\\'|'"') )* '"'
    ;

本身的含义，也很明确了，就是：

以双引号开头，其中可能包含0或多个，

转移序列，或者是，除了反斜杠和双引号，之外的，任何字符

再以双引号结尾

而此处的：

"|en|Softing"

完全符合要求的。

即，以双引号开头和结束，中间只是字母和竖杠，完全包含在前面的STRING的定义范围内。

完全符合要求。

但是不知道，此处为何会说无法找到双引号和竖杠。

2.参考了：

All ANTLR grammars produce error “no viable alternative at input '<EOF>'”

没帮助。

3.这里：

ANTLR no viable alternative at input '/'

提到了：

antlr的第三方的工具，比如Eclipse的antlr插件，经常会出问题的；
antlrworks本身，有时候也是出问题的；
一般调试之前，最好都试试命令行去执行，看看是否可行。

但是，我此处就是由于之前命令行无法正常使用antlr，所以才用antlrworks的。。。。

4.参考：

no viable alternative at input

感觉还是自己的语法写的有问题。

但是却还是不知道如何改正确。

5.参考：

ANTLR 4 : Bad grammar and 'no viable alternative at input'

感觉和我的问题很像。

但是还是不懂。

6.随便把之前的ID加上fragment：

fragment
ID  :   ('a'..'z'|'A'..'Z'|'_') ('a'..'z'|'A'..'Z'|'0'..'9'|'_')*
    ;

试试，结果问题依旧，而且其他地方，错的更多了：

D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 45:28 mismatched character ',' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 46:7 no viable alternative at input 'DEVICE_TYPE'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 46:34 mismatched character ',' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 47:7 no viable alternative at input 'DEVICE_REVISION'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 47:44 mismatched character ',' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 48:7 no viable alternative at input 'DD_REVISION'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 48:43 mismatched character '\r' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 49:2 no viable alternative at input '{'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 53:43 mismatched character '\r' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 54:10 missing ID at '{'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 55:47 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 55:49 mismatched input ';' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 56:46 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 56:48 mismatched input ';' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 60:29 no viable alternative at input '"'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 60:30 no viable alternative at character '|'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 60:33 mismatched character '|' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 60:41 mismatched character '"' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 60:56 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 60:57 mismatched input '}' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 62:14 missing ';' at 'CONSTANT_UNIT'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 62:36 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 63:22 mismatched character ' ' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 62:38 mismatched input ';' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 66:38 mismatched character '\r' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 67:10 missing ID at '{'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 68:45 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 68:47 mismatched input ';' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 69:44 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 69:46 mismatched input ';' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 73:29 no viable alternative at input '"'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 73:30 no viable alternative at character '|'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 73:33 mismatched character '|' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 73:37 mismatched character '-' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 73:43 mismatched character ' ' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 73:57 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 73:58 mismatched input '}' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 75:14 missing ';' at 'CONSTANT_UNIT'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 75:36 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 76:22 mismatched character ' ' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 75:38 mismatched input ';' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 78:41 mismatched character '\r' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 79:10 missing ID at '{'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 80:45 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 80:47 mismatched input ';' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 81:44 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 81:46 mismatched input ';' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 85:31 mismatched character '\r' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 86:14 no viable alternative at input '}'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 87:14 missing ';' at 'CONSTANT_UNIT'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 87:36 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 88:22 mismatched character ' ' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 87:38 mismatched input ';' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 91:44 mismatched character '\r' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 92:10 missing ID at '{'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 93:48 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 93:50 mismatched input ';' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 94:47 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 94:49 mismatched input ';' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 98:31 mismatched character '\r' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 99:14 no viable alternative at input '}'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 100:14 missing ';' at 'CONSTANT_UNIT'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 100:36 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 101:22 mismatched character ' ' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 100:38 mismatched input ';' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 104:40 mismatched character '\r' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 105:10 missing ID at '{'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 106:44 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 106:46 mismatched input ';' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 107:43 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 107:45 mismatched input ';' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 111:38 mismatched character ',' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 112:41 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 112:42 mismatched input ',' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 112:71 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 112:73 mismatched input '}' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 113:46 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 113:47 mismatched input ',' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 113:76 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 113:78 mismatched input '}' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 114:46 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 114:47 mismatched input ',' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 114:76 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 114:78 mismatched input '}' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 115:47 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 115:48 mismatched input ',' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 115:77 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 115:79 mismatched input '}' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 116:52 mismatched character ',' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 116:82 mismatched character ' ' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 116:83 no viable alternative at input '}'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 118:22 mismatched character ' ' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 118:30 missing ';' at 'READ'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 122:42 mismatched character '\r' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 123:10 missing ID at '{'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 124:51 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 124:53 mismatched input ';' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 125:50 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 125:52 mismatched input ';' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 128:32 no viable alternative at input '"'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 128:33 no viable alternative at character '|'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 128:36 mismatched character '|' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 128:39 no viable alternative at character '3'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 128:50 mismatched character '"' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 129:24 mismatched character ' ' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 131:44 mismatched character '\r' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 132:10 missing ID at '{'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 133:50 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 133:52 mismatched input ';' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 134:49 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 134:51 mismatched input ';' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 137:32 no viable alternative at input '"'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 137:33 no viable alternative at character '|'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 137:36 mismatched character '|' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 137:39 no viable alternative at character '3'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 137:50 mismatched character '"' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 138:24 mismatched character ' ' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 140:43 mismatched character '\r' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 141:10 missing ID at '{'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 142:49 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 142:51 mismatched input ';' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 143:48 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 143:50 mismatched input ';' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 146:32 no viable alternative at input '"'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 146:33 no viable alternative at character '|'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 146:36 mismatched character '|' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 146:39 no viable alternative at character '3'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 146:50 mismatched character '"' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 147:24 mismatched character ' ' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 149:42 mismatched character '\r' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 150:10 missing ID at '{'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 151:48 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 151:50 mismatched input ';' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 152:47 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 152:49 mismatched input ';' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 155:32 no viable alternative at input '"'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 155:33 no viable alternative at character '|'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 155:36 mismatched character '|' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 155:39 no viable alternative at character '3'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 155:50 mismatched character '"' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 156:24 mismatched character ' ' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 158:42 mismatched character '\r' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 159:10 missing ID at '{'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 160:48 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 160:50 mismatched input ';' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 161:47 mismatched character ']' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 161:49 mismatched input ';' expecting ID
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 164:32 no viable alternative at input '"'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 164:33 no viable alternative at character '|'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 164:36 mismatched character '|' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 164:39 no viable alternative at character '3'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 164:50 mismatched character '"' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 165:24 mismatched character ' ' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 177:31 mismatched character '\r' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 178:10 missing ID at '{'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 179:50 mismatched character ' ' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 179:51 no viable alternative at input ';'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 180:49 mismatched character ' ' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 180:50 no viable alternative at input ';'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 183:16 mismatched character ' ' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 183:34 mismatched character '\r' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 184:10 mismatched input '{' expecting '}'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 185:55 mismatched character ' ' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 186:54 mismatched character ' ' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 189:16 mismatched character ' ' expecting '.'
D:\DevRoot\IndustrialMobileAutomation\HandheldDataSetter\ANTLR\projects\v1.5\DDParserDemo\DDDemoFile.ddl line 189:37 mismatched character '\r' expecting '.'

7.所以，现在，还是对于之前，感觉像是搞清楚的fragment：

【整理】antlr语法中的fragment

还是没有完全搞懂。

估计是如果彻底搞懂了此fragment，然后就懂了，如何解决此处问题了。

8.再去参考了：

What does “fragment” means in ANTLR?

9.回来，再去试试，把之前的ESC_SEQ加上fragment，变成：

fragment
ESC_SEQ
    :   '\\' ('b'|'t'|'n'|'f'|'r'|'\"'|'\''|'\\')
    |   UNICODE_ESC
    |   OCTAL_ESC
    ;

试试，结果问题依旧。

10.再去调换一下顺序：

//string_value  :   (STRING | define_imported_value);
string_value    :   (define_imported_value | STRING);

试试，结果问题依旧。

11.参考：

ANTLR common pitfalls

好像，对于是否加fragment，有何区别，有了更深入的了解：

对于输入:

1234

用如下语法的话：

没有加fragment：

grammar number;  
   
number :    INT;  
DIGIT   :   '0'..'9';  
INT :   DIGIT+;

此时，1,2，3,4，被识别为4个单独的，DIGIT。

对应的，DIGIT，也是会被识别为一个token（类似于，变量）

而如果加了fragment，变成：

grammar number;  
   
number :    INT;  
fragment DIGIT   :   '0'..'9';  
INT :   DIGIT+;

那么，由于fragment，就相当于inline，所以本身就相当于：

grammar number;  
   
number :    INT;  
INT :   ('0'..'9')+;

所以，最终，输入1234，会被识别为，一个整体的，“1234”，而不是四个DIGIT,1,2,3,4.

此时，由于DIGIT被“替换”掉了，所以，不会被识别为一个token。

对此，再去回去看看自己的代码，就明白了：

应该写成：

ID  :   ('a'..'z'|'A'..'Z'|'_') ('a'..'z'|'A'..'Z'|'0'..'9'|'_')*
    ;

这样才表示，符合要求的，连续的字符，组合成为一个整体，表示一个ID。

而不是，多个字符，隔开的形式。

另外，又去学习了：

grammar number;  
   
DIGIT:  '0'..'9';  
INT :   DIGIT;

得知了，此处的INT，就是个多余的东西。

因为对于同样的匹配，即匹配单个数字，之前的DIGIT，已经做了，所以后面的INT，虽然实际上就是等价于DIGIT，但是永远不会被执行到。

又继续学习：

grammar number;  
//number    :   INT | FLOAT;  
DIGIT    :  '0'..'9';  
INT :   DIGIT+;  
FLOAT   :   DIGIT* '.' DIGIT+;

得知，此处是个lexer和parser混合的语法。

此处没有parser rule。

但是，还是始终没有搞懂，什么是lexer，什么是parser。

所以，越加需要去搞懂这两个的区别了。

详见：

【整理】什么是lexer，什么是parser，lexer和parser之间的关系

【总结】

还是没有完全搞懂此处为何出现：

no viable alternative at input

的错误，但是感觉是，等以后真正懂了：

什么是lexer和parser

fragment的真正含义

之后也许就可以自然而然的搞懂当前为何出错的了。

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【已解决】antlr解析字符串STRING出错：no viable alternative at input，对应的错误是NoViableAltException(0@[null])

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