之前已经介绍过了网络相关的一些基础知识了：
【整理】关于抓取网页，分析网页内容，模拟登陆网站的逻辑/流程和注意事项
以及简单的网页内容抓取，用C#是如何实现的：
现在接着来介绍，以模拟登陆百度首页：
为例，说明如何通过C#模拟登陆网站。
不过，此处需要介绍一下此文前提：
假定你已经看完了：
【整理】关于抓取网页，分析网页内容，模拟登陆网站的逻辑/流程和注意事项
了解了基本的网络相关基本概念；
看完了：
【总结】浏览器中的开发人员工具（IE9的F12和Chrome的Ctrl+Shift+I）-网页分析的利器
知道了如何使用IE9的F12等工具去分析网页执行的过程。
1.模拟登陆网站之前，需要搞清楚，登陆该网站的内部执行逻辑
此想要通过程序，即C#代码，实现模拟登陆百度首页之前。
你自己本身先要搞懂，本身登陆该网站，内部的逻辑是什么样的。
而关于如何利用工具，分析出来，百度首页登录的内部逻辑过程，参见：
【教程】手把手教你如何利用工具(IE9的F12)去分析模拟登陆网站(百度首页)的内部逻辑过程
2.然后才是用对应的语言（C#）去实现，模拟登陆的逻辑
看懂了上述用F12分析出来的百度首页的登陆的内部逻辑过程，接下来，用C#代码去实现，相对来说，就不是很难了。
注：
（1）关于在C#中如何利用cookie，不熟悉的，先去看：
【经验总结】Http，网页访问，HttpRequest，HttpResponse相关的知识
（2）对于正则表达式不熟悉的，去参考：
（3）对C#中的正则表达式的类Regex，不熟悉的，可参考：
此处，再把分析出来的流程，贴出来，以便方便和代码对照：
| 顺序 |
| 访问地址 |
| 访问类型 |
| 发送的数据 |
| 需要获得/提取的返回的值 |
| 1 | http://www.baidu.com/ | GET | 无 | 返回的cookie中的BAIDUID | |
| 2 | https://passport.baidu.com/v2/api/?getapi&class=login&tpl=mn&tangram=true | GET | 包含BAIDUID这个cookie | 从返回的html中提取出token的值 | |
| 3 | https://passport.baidu.com/v2/api/?login | POST | 一堆的post data，其中token的值是之前提取出来的 | 需要验证返回的cookie中，是否包含BDUSS，PTOKEN，STOKEN，SAVEUSERID |
然后，最终就可以写出相关的，用于演示模拟登录百度首页的C#代码了。
【版本1：C#实现模拟登陆百度首页的完整代码 之 精简版】
其中，通过UI中，点击“获取cookie BAIDUID”：
然后调用下面这部分代码：
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 | private void btnGetBaiduid_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){ string baiduMainUrl = txbBaiduMainUrl.Text; //generate http request HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(baiduMainUrl); //add follow code to handle cookies req.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer(); req.CookieContainer.Add(curCookies); req.Method = "GET"; //use request to get response HttpWebResponse resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse(); txbGotBaiduid.Text = ""; foreach (Cookie ck in resp.Cookies) { txbGotBaiduid.Text += "[" + ck.Name + "]=" + ck.Value; if (ck.Name == "BAIDUID") { gotCookieBaiduid = true; } } if (gotCookieBaiduid) { //store cookies curCookies = resp.Cookies; } else { MessageBox.Show("错误：没有找到cookie BAIDUID ！"); }} |
获得上述所看到的BAIDUID这个cookie的值了。
然后接着点击“获取token值”，然后调用下面的代码：
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 | private void btnGetToken_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){ if (gotCookieBaiduid) { HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(getapiUrl); //add previously got cookies req.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer(); req.CookieContainer.Add(curCookies); req.Method = "GET"; HttpWebResponse resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse(); StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(resp.GetResponseStream()); string respHtml = sr.ReadToEnd(); //bdPass.api.params.login_token='5ab690978812b0e7fbbe1bfc267b90b3'; string tokenValP = @"bdPass\.api\.params\.login_token='(?<tokenVal>\w+)';"; Match foundTokenVal = (new Regex(tokenValP)).Match(respHtml); if (foundTokenVal.Success) { //extracted the token value txbExtractedTokenVal.Text = foundTokenVal.Groups["tokenVal"].Value; extractTokenValueOK = true; } else { txbExtractedTokenVal.Text = "错误：没有找到token的值！"; } } else { MessageBox.Show("错误：之前没有正确获得Cookie：BAIDUID ！"); }} |
就可以获取对应的token的值了：
接着再去填上你的百度的用户名和密码，然后再点击“模拟登陆百度首页”，就会调用如下代码：
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 | private void btnEmulateLoginBaidu_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){ if (gotCookieBaiduid && extractTokenValueOK) { //init post dict info Dictionary<string, string> postDict = new Dictionary<string, string>(); //postDict.Add("ppui_logintime", ""); postDict.Add("charset", "utf-8"); //postDict.Add("codestring", ""); postDict.Add("token", txbExtractedTokenVal.Text); postDict.Add("isPhone", "false"); postDict.Add("index", "0"); //postDict.Add("u", ""); //postDict.Add("safeflg", "0"); postDict.Add("staticpage", staticpage); postDict.Add("loginType", "1"); postDict.Add("tpl", "mn"); postDict.Add("callback", "parent.bdPass.api.login._postCallback"); postDict.Add("username", txbBaiduUsername.Text); postDict.Add("password", txbBaiduPassword.Text); //postDict.Add("verifycode", ""); postDict.Add("mem_pass", "on"); HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(baiduMainLoginUrl); //add cookie req.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer(); req.CookieContainer.Add(curCookies); //set to POST req.Method = "POST"; req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; //prepare post data string postDataStr = quoteParas(postDict); byte[] postBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postDataStr); req.ContentLength = postBytes.Length; //send post data Stream postDataStream = req.GetRequestStream(); postDataStream.Write(postBytes, 0, postBytes.Length); postDataStream.Close(); //got response HttpWebResponse resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse(); //got returned html StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(resp.GetResponseStream()); string loginBaiduRespHtml = sr.ReadToEnd(); //check whether got all expected cookies Dictionary<string, bool> cookieCheckDict = new Dictionary<string, bool>(); string[] cookiesNameList = {"BDUSS", "PTOKEN", "STOKEN", "SAVEUSERID"}; foreach (String cookieToCheck in cookiesNameList) { cookieCheckDict.Add(cookieToCheck, false); } foreach (Cookie singleCookie in resp.Cookies) { if (cookieCheckDict.ContainsKey(singleCookie.Name)) { cookieCheckDict[singleCookie.Name] = true; } } bool allCookiesFound = true; foreach (bool foundCurCookie in cookieCheckDict.Values) { allCookiesFound = allCookiesFound && foundCurCookie; } loginBaiduOk = allCookiesFound; if (loginBaiduOk) { txbEmulateLoginResult.Text = "成功模拟登陆百度首页！"; } else { txbEmulateLoginResult.Text = "模拟登陆百度首页 失败！"; txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + "所返回的Header信息为："; txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + resp.Headers.ToString(); txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + Environment.NewLine; txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + "所返回的HTML源码为："; txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + loginBaiduRespHtml; } } else { MessageBox.Show("错误：没有正确获得Cookie BAIDUID 和/或 没有正确提取出token值！"); }} |
如果用户名和密码都是正确的话，即可成功登陆：
当然，如果故意输入错误的用户名和密码，则会显示登陆错误，并且打印出返回的headers值和html代码：
完整的C#模拟登陆百度首页的代码，如下：
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 | using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.ComponentModel;using System.Data;using System.Drawing;using System.Text;using System.Windows.Forms; using System.Net;using System.IO;using System.Text.RegularExpressions;using System.Web; namespace emulateLoginBaidu{ public partial class frmEmulateLoginBaidu : Form { CookieCollection curCookies = null; bool gotCookieBaiduid, extractTokenValueOK, loginBaiduOk; public frmEmulateLoginBaidu() { InitializeComponent(); } private void frmEmulateLoginBaidu_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { //init curCookies = new CookieCollection(); gotCookieBaiduid = false; extractTokenValueOK = false; loginBaiduOk = false; } /****************************************************************************** functions in crifanLib.cs *******************************************************************************/ //quote the input dict values //note: the return result for first para no '&' public string quoteParas(Dictionary<string, string> paras) { string quotedParas = ""; bool isFirst = true; string val = ""; foreach (string para in paras.Keys) { if (paras.TryGetValue(para, out val)) { if (isFirst) { isFirst = false; quotedParas += para + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlPathEncode(val); } else { quotedParas += "&" + para + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlPathEncode(val); } } else { break; } } return quotedParas; } /****************************************************************************** Demo emulate login baidu related functions *******************************************************************************/ private void btnGetBaiduid_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string baiduMainUrl = txbBaiduMainUrl.Text; //generate http request HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(baiduMainUrl); //add follow code to handle cookies req.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer(); req.CookieContainer.Add(curCookies); req.Method = "GET"; //use request to get response HttpWebResponse resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse(); txbGotBaiduid.Text = ""; foreach (Cookie ck in resp.Cookies) { txbGotBaiduid.Text += "[" + ck.Name + "]=" + ck.Value; if (ck.Name == "BAIDUID") { gotCookieBaiduid = true; } } if (gotCookieBaiduid) { //store cookies curCookies = resp.Cookies; } else { MessageBox.Show("错误：没有找到cookie BAIDUID ！"); } } private void btnGetToken_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (gotCookieBaiduid) { HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(getapiUrl); //add previously got cookies req.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer(); req.CookieContainer.Add(curCookies); req.Method = "GET"; HttpWebResponse resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse(); StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(resp.GetResponseStream()); string respHtml = sr.ReadToEnd(); //bdPass.api.params.login_token='5ab690978812b0e7fbbe1bfc267b90b3'; string tokenValP = @"bdPass\.api\.params\.login_token='(?<tokenVal>\w+)';"; Match foundTokenVal = (new Regex(tokenValP)).Match(respHtml); if (foundTokenVal.Success) { //extracted the token value txbExtractedTokenVal.Text = foundTokenVal.Groups["tokenVal"].Value; extractTokenValueOK = true; } else { txbExtractedTokenVal.Text = "错误：没有找到token的值！"; } } else { MessageBox.Show("错误：之前没有正确获得Cookie：BAIDUID ！"); } } private void btnEmulateLoginBaidu_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (gotCookieBaiduid && extractTokenValueOK) { //init post dict info Dictionary<string, string> postDict = new Dictionary<string, string>(); //postDict.Add("ppui_logintime", ""); postDict.Add("charset", "utf-8"); //postDict.Add("codestring", ""); postDict.Add("token", txbExtractedTokenVal.Text); postDict.Add("isPhone", "false"); postDict.Add("index", "0"); //postDict.Add("u", ""); //postDict.Add("safeflg", "0"); postDict.Add("staticpage", staticpage); postDict.Add("loginType", "1"); postDict.Add("tpl", "mn"); postDict.Add("callback", "parent.bdPass.api.login._postCallback"); postDict.Add("username", txbBaiduUsername.Text); postDict.Add("password", txbBaiduPassword.Text); //postDict.Add("verifycode", ""); postDict.Add("mem_pass", "on"); HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(baiduMainLoginUrl); //add cookie req.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer(); req.CookieContainer.Add(curCookies); //set to POST req.Method = "POST"; req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; //prepare post data string postDataStr = quoteParas(postDict); byte[] postBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postDataStr); req.ContentLength = postBytes.Length; //send post data Stream postDataStream = req.GetRequestStream(); postDataStream.Write(postBytes, 0, postBytes.Length); postDataStream.Close(); //got response HttpWebResponse resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse(); //got returned html StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(resp.GetResponseStream()); string loginBaiduRespHtml = sr.ReadToEnd(); //check whether got all expected cookies Dictionary<string, bool> cookieCheckDict = new Dictionary<string, bool>(); string[] cookiesNameList = {"BDUSS", "PTOKEN", "STOKEN", "SAVEUSERID"}; foreach (String cookieToCheck in cookiesNameList) { cookieCheckDict.Add(cookieToCheck, false); } foreach (Cookie singleCookie in resp.Cookies) { if (cookieCheckDict.ContainsKey(singleCookie.Name)) { cookieCheckDict[singleCookie.Name] = true; } } bool allCookiesFound = true; foreach (bool foundCurCookie in cookieCheckDict.Values) { allCookiesFound = allCookiesFound && foundCurCookie; } loginBaiduOk = allCookiesFound; if (loginBaiduOk) { txbEmulateLoginResult.Text = "成功模拟登陆百度首页！"; } else { txbEmulateLoginResult.Text = "模拟登陆百度首页 失败！"; txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + "所返回的Header信息为："; txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + resp.Headers.ToString(); txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + Environment.NewLine; txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + "所返回的HTML源码为："; txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + loginBaiduRespHtml; } } else { MessageBox.Show("错误：没有正确获得Cookie BAIDUID 和/或 没有正确提取出token值！"); } } private void lklEmulateLoginTutorialUrl_LinkClicked(object sender, LinkLabelLinkClickedEventArgs e) { System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(emulateLoginTutorialUrl); } private void btnClearAll_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { curCookies = new CookieCollection(); gotCookieBaiduid = false; extractTokenValueOK = false; loginBaiduOk = false; txbGotBaiduid.Text = ""; txbExtractedTokenVal.Text = ""; txbBaiduUsername.Text = ""; txbBaiduPassword.Text = ""; txbEmulateLoginResult.Text = ""; } }} |
对应的，完整的VS2010的C#项目，可以去这里下载：
emulateLoginBaidu_csharp_2012-11-07.7z
【版本2：C#实现模拟登陆百度首页的完整代码 之 crifanLib.py版】
后来，又把上述代码，改为利用我的C#版本的crifanLib.cs，以方便以后再次利用相关的网络方面的库函数。
下面是完整的，利用到crifanLib.cs的版本，的C#代码：
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 264 265 266 267 268 269 270 271 272 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 283 284 285 286 287 288 289 290 291 292 293 294 295 296 297 298 299 300 301 302 303 304 305 306 307 308 309 310 311 312 313 314 315 316 317 318 319 320 321 322 323 324 325 326 327 328 329 330 331 332 333 334 335 336 337 338 339 340 341 342 343 344 345 346 347 348 349 350 351 352 353 354 355 356 357 358 359 360 361 362 363 364 365 366 367 368 369 370 371 372 373 374 375 376 377 378 379 380 381 382 383 384 385 386 387 388 389 390 391 392 393 394 395 396 397 398 399 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 410 411 412 413 414 415 416 417 418 419 420 421 422 423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430 431 432 433 434 435 436 437 438 439 440 441 442 443 444 445 446 447 448 449 450 451 452 453 454 455 456 457 458 459 460 461 462 463 464 465 466 467 468 469 470 471 472 473 474 475 476 477 478 479 480 481 482 483 484 485 486 487 488 489 490 491 492 493 494 495 496 497 498 499 500 501 502 503 504 505 506 507 508 509 510 511 512 513 514 515 516 517 518 519 520 521 522 523 524 525 526 527 528 529 530 531 532 533 534 535 536 537 538 539 540 541 542 543 544 545 546 547 548 549 550 551 552 553 554 555 556 557 558 559 560 561 562 563 564 565 566 567 568 569 570 571 572 573 574 575 576 577 578 579 580 581 582 583 584 585 586 587 588 589 590 591 592 593 594 595 596 597 598 599 600 601 602 603 604 | using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.ComponentModel;using System.Data;using System.Drawing;using System.Text;using System.Windows.Forms; using System.Net;using System.IO;using System.Text.RegularExpressions;using System.Web; namespace emulateLoginBaidu{ public partial class frmEmulateLoginBaidu : Form { CookieCollection curCookies = null; bool gotCookieBaiduid, extractTokenValueOK, loginBaiduOk; public frmEmulateLoginBaidu() { InitializeComponent(); } private void frmEmulateLoginBaidu_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { this.AcceptButton = this.btnEmulateLoginBaidu; //init for crifanLib.cs curCookies = new CookieCollection(); //init for demo login gotCookieBaiduid = false; extractTokenValueOK = false; loginBaiduOk = false; } /****************************************************************************** functions in crifanLib.cs Download: http://code.google.com/p/crifanlib/ *******************************************************************************/ //quote the input dict values //note: the return result for first para no '&' public string quoteParas(Dictionary<string, string> paras) { string quotedParas = ""; bool isFirst = true; string val = ""; foreach (string para in paras.Keys) { if (paras.TryGetValue(para, out val)) { if (isFirst) { isFirst = false; quotedParas += para + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlPathEncode(val); } else { quotedParas += "&" + para + "=" + HttpUtility.UrlPathEncode(val); } } else { break; } } return quotedParas; } /*********************************************************************/ /* cookie */ /*********************************************************************/ //add a single cookie to cookies, if already exist, update its value public void addCookieToCookies(Cookie toAdd, ref CookieCollection cookies, bool overwriteDomain) { bool found = false; if (cookies.Count > 0) { foreach (Cookie originalCookie in cookies) { if (originalCookie.Name == toAdd.Name) { // !!! for different domain, cookie is not same, // so should not set the cookie value here while their domains is not same // only if it explictly need overwrite domain if ((originalCookie.Domain == toAdd.Domain) || ((originalCookie.Domain != toAdd.Domain) && overwriteDomain)) { //here can not force convert CookieCollection to HttpCookieCollection, //then use .remove to remove this cookie then add // so no good way to copy all field value originalCookie.Value = toAdd.Value; originalCookie.Domain = toAdd.Domain; originalCookie.Expires = toAdd.Expires; originalCookie.Version = toAdd.Version; originalCookie.Path = toAdd.Path; //following fields seems should not change //originalCookie.HttpOnly = toAdd.HttpOnly; //originalCookie.Secure = toAdd.Secure; found = true; break; } } } } if (!found) { if (toAdd.Domain != "") { // if add the null domain, will lead to follow req.CookieContainer.Add(cookies) failed !!! cookies.Add(toAdd); } } }//addCookieToCookies //add singel cookie to cookies, default no overwrite domain public void addCookieToCookies(Cookie toAdd, ref CookieCollection cookies) { addCookieToCookies(toAdd, ref cookies, false); } //check whether the cookies contains the ckToCheck cookie //support: //ckTocheck is Cookie/string //cookies is Cookie/string/CookieCollection/string[] public bool isContainCookie(object ckToCheck, object cookies) { bool isContain = false; if ((ckToCheck != null) && (cookies != null)) { string ckName = ""; Type type = ckToCheck.GetType(); //string typeStr = ckType.ToString(); //if (ckType.FullName == "System.string") if (type.Name.ToLower() == "string") { ckName = (string)ckToCheck; } else if (type.Name == "Cookie") { ckName = ((Cookie)ckToCheck).Name; } if (ckName != "") { type = cookies.GetType(); // is single Cookie if (type.Name == "Cookie") { if (ckName == ((Cookie)cookies).Name) { isContain = true; } } // is CookieCollection else if (type.Name == "CookieCollection") { foreach (Cookie ck in (CookieCollection)cookies) { if (ckName == ck.Name) { isContain = true; break; } } } // is single cookie name string else if (type.Name.ToLower() == "string") { if (ckName == (string)cookies) { isContain = true; } } // is cookie name string[] else if (type.Name.ToLower() == "string[]") { foreach (string name in ((string[])cookies)) { if (ckName == name) { isContain = true; break; } } } } } return isContain; }//isContainCookie // update cookiesToUpdate to localCookies // if omitUpdateCookies designated, then omit cookies of omitUpdateCookies in cookiesToUpdate public void updateLocalCookies(CookieCollection cookiesToUpdate, ref CookieCollection localCookies, object omitUpdateCookies) { if (cookiesToUpdate.Count > 0) { if (localCookies == null) { localCookies = cookiesToUpdate; } else { foreach (Cookie newCookie in cookiesToUpdate) { if (isContainCookie(newCookie, omitUpdateCookies)) { // need omit process this } else { addCookieToCookies(newCookie, ref localCookies); } } } } }//updateLocalCookies //update cookiesToUpdate to localCookies public void updateLocalCookies(CookieCollection cookiesToUpdate, ref CookieCollection localCookies) { updateLocalCookies(cookiesToUpdate, ref localCookies, null); } /*********************************************************************/ /* HTTP */ /*********************************************************************/ /* get url's response */ public HttpWebResponse getUrlResponse(string url, Dictionary<string, string> headerDict, Dictionary<string, string> postDict, int timeout, string postDataStr) { //CookieCollection parsedCookies; HttpWebResponse resp = null; HttpWebRequest req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url); req.AllowAutoRedirect = true; req.Accept = "*/*"; //const string gAcceptLanguage = "en-US"; // zh-CN/en-US //req.Headers["Accept-Language"] = gAcceptLanguage; req.KeepAlive = true; //IE8 //const string gUserAgent = "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; InfoPath.3; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E"; //IE9 //const string gUserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0)"; // x64 const string gUserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/5.0)"; // x86 //Chrome //const string gUserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/533.4 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/5.0.375.99 Safari/533.4"; //Mozilla Firefox //const string gUserAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 6.1; rv:1.9.2.6) Gecko/20100625 Firefox/3.6.6"; req.UserAgent = gUserAgent; req.Headers["Accept-Encoding"] = "gzip, deflate"; req.AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.GZip; req.Proxy = null; if (timeout > 0) { req.Timeout = timeout; } if (curCookies != null) { req.CookieContainer = new CookieContainer(); req.CookieContainer.PerDomainCapacity = 40; // following will exceed max default 20 cookie per domain req.CookieContainer.Add(curCookies); } if (headerDict != null) { foreach (string header in headerDict.Keys) { string headerValue = ""; if (headerDict.TryGetValue(header, out headerValue)) { // following are allow the caller overwrite the default header setting if (header.ToLower() == "referer") { req.Referer = headerValue; } else if (header.ToLower() == "allowautoredirect") { bool isAllow = false; if (bool.TryParse(headerValue, out isAllow)) { req.AllowAutoRedirect = isAllow; } } else if (header.ToLower() == "accept") { req.Accept = headerValue; } else if (header.ToLower() == "keepalive") { bool isKeepAlive = false; if (bool.TryParse(headerValue, out isKeepAlive)) { req.KeepAlive = isKeepAlive; } } else if (header.ToLower() == "accept-language") { req.Headers["Accept-Language"] = headerValue; } else if (header.ToLower() == "useragent") { req.UserAgent = headerValue; } else { req.Headers[header] = headerValue; } } else { break; } } } if (postDict != null || postDataStr != "") { req.Method = "POST"; req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; if (postDict != null) { postDataStr = quoteParas(postDict); } //byte[] postBytes = Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8").GetBytes(postData); byte[] postBytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(postDataStr); req.ContentLength = postBytes.Length; Stream postDataStream = req.GetRequestStream(); postDataStream.Write(postBytes, 0, postBytes.Length); postDataStream.Close(); } else { req.Method = "GET"; } //may timeout, has fixed in: resp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse(); updateLocalCookies(resp.Cookies, ref curCookies); return resp; } public HttpWebResponse getUrlResponse(string url, Dictionary<string, string> headerDict, Dictionary<string, string> postDict) { return getUrlResponse(url, headerDict, postDict, 0, ""); } public HttpWebResponse getUrlResponse(string url) { return getUrlResponse(url, null, null, 0, ""); } // valid charset:"GB18030"/"UTF-8", invliad:"UTF8" public string getUrlRespHtml(string url, Dictionary<string, string> headerDict, string charset, Dictionary<string, string> postDict, int timeout, string postDataStr) { string respHtml = ""; //HttpWebResponse resp = getUrlResponse(url, headerDict, postDict, timeout); HttpWebResponse resp = getUrlResponse(url, headerDict, postDict, timeout, postDataStr); //long realRespLen = resp.ContentLength; StreamReader sr; if ((charset != null) && (charset != "")) { Encoding htmlEncoding = Encoding.GetEncoding(charset); sr = new StreamReader(resp.GetResponseStream(), htmlEncoding); } else { sr = new StreamReader(resp.GetResponseStream()); } respHtml = sr.ReadToEnd(); return respHtml; } public string getUrlRespHtml(string url, Dictionary<string, string> headerDict, string charset, Dictionary<string, string> postDict, string postDataStr) { return getUrlRespHtml(url, headerDict, charset, postDict, 0, postDataStr); } public string getUrlRespHtml(string url, Dictionary<string, string> headerDict, Dictionary<string, string> postDict) { return getUrlRespHtml(url, headerDict, "", postDict, ""); } public string getUrlRespHtml(string url, Dictionary<string, string> headerDict) { return getUrlRespHtml(url, headerDict, null); } public string getUrlRespHtml(string url, string charset, int timeout) { return getUrlRespHtml(url, null, charset, null, timeout, ""); } public string getUrlRespHtml(string url, string charset) { return getUrlRespHtml(url, charset, 0); } public string getUrlRespHtml(string url) { return getUrlRespHtml(url, ""); } /****************************************************************************** Demo emulate login baidu related functions *******************************************************************************/ private void btnGetBaiduid_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { string baiduMainUrl = txbBaiduMainUrl.Text; HttpWebResponse resp = getUrlResponse(baiduMainUrl); txbGotBaiduid.Text = ""; foreach (Cookie ck in resp.Cookies) { txbGotBaiduid.Text += "[" + ck.Name + "]=" + ck.Value; if (ck.Name == "BAIDUID") { gotCookieBaiduid = true; } } if (gotCookieBaiduid) { //store cookies curCookies = resp.Cookies; } else { MessageBox.Show("错误：没有找到cookie BAIDUID ！"); } } private void btnGetToken_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (gotCookieBaiduid) { string respHtml = getUrlRespHtml(getapiUrl); //bdPass.api.params.login_token='5ab690978812b0e7fbbe1bfc267b90b3'; string tokenValP = @"bdPass\.api\.params\.login_token='(?<tokenVal>\w+)';"; Match foundTokenVal = (new Regex(tokenValP)).Match(respHtml); if (foundTokenVal.Success) { //extracted the token value txbExtractedTokenVal.Text = foundTokenVal.Groups["tokenVal"].Value; extractTokenValueOK = true; } else { txbExtractedTokenVal.Text = "错误：没有找到token的值！"; } } else { MessageBox.Show("错误：之前没有正确获得Cookie：BAIDUID ！"); } } private void btnEmulateLoginBaidu_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (gotCookieBaiduid && extractTokenValueOK) { //init post dict info Dictionary<string, string> postDict = new Dictionary<string, string>(); //postDict.Add("ppui_logintime", ""); postDict.Add("charset", "utf-8"); //postDict.Add("codestring", ""); postDict.Add("token", txbExtractedTokenVal.Text); postDict.Add("isPhone", "false"); postDict.Add("index", "0"); //postDict.Add("u", ""); //postDict.Add("safeflg", "0"); postDict.Add("staticpage", staticpage); postDict.Add("loginType", "1"); postDict.Add("tpl", "mn"); postDict.Add("callback", "parent.bdPass.api.login._postCallback"); postDict.Add("username", txbBaiduUsername.Text); postDict.Add("password", txbBaiduPassword.Text); //postDict.Add("verifycode", ""); postDict.Add("mem_pass", "on"); string loginBaiduRespHtml = getUrlRespHtml(baiduMainLoginUrl, null, postDict); //check whether got all expected cookies Dictionary<string, bool> cookieCheckDict = new Dictionary<string, bool>(); string[] cookiesNameList = {"BDUSS", "PTOKEN", "STOKEN", "SAVEUSERID"}; foreach (String cookieToCheck in cookiesNameList) { cookieCheckDict.Add(cookieToCheck, false); } foreach (Cookie singleCookie in curCookies) { if (cookieCheckDict.ContainsKey(singleCookie.Name)) { cookieCheckDict[singleCookie.Name] = true; } } bool allCookiesFound = true; foreach (bool foundCurCookie in cookieCheckDict.Values) { allCookiesFound = allCookiesFound && foundCurCookie; } loginBaiduOk = allCookiesFound; if (loginBaiduOk) { txbEmulateLoginResult.Text = "成功模拟登陆百度首页！"; } else { txbEmulateLoginResult.Text = "模拟登陆百度首页 失败！"; txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + "所返回的HTML源码为："; txbEmulateLoginResult.Text += Environment.NewLine + loginBaiduRespHtml; } } else { MessageBox.Show("错误：没有正确获得Cookie BAIDUID 和/或 没有正确提取出token值！"); } } private void lklEmulateLoginTutorialUrl_LinkClicked(object sender, LinkLabelLinkClickedEventArgs e) { System.Diagnostics.Process.Start(emulateLoginTutorialUrl); } private void btnClearAll_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { curCookies = new CookieCollection(); gotCookieBaiduid = false; extractTokenValueOK = false; loginBaiduOk = false; txbGotBaiduid.Text = ""; txbExtractedTokenVal.Text = ""; txbBaiduUsername.Text = ""; txbBaiduPassword.Text = ""; txbEmulateLoginResult.Text = ""; } }} |
完整的VS2010的项目，可去这里下载：
emulateLoginBaidu_csharp_crifanLibVersion_2012-11-07.7z
关于crifanLib.cs：
在线浏览：crifanLib.cs
【总结】
可以看出，虽然之前分析出来的，模拟登陆百度首页的流程，相对不是那么复杂，但是实际上用C#实现起来，要比用Python实现出来，要复杂的多。
主要原因在于，Python中封装了很多常用的，好用的库函数。而C#中，很多细节，都需要自己处理，包括GET或POST时的各种参数，都要考虑到，另外尤其是涉及cookie等方面的内容，很是繁琐。
所以，对于抓取网页分析内容，和模拟登陆网站来说，还是Python用起来比较方便。
【后记 2013-09-11】
1.经过研究：
【记录】研究模拟登陆百度的C#代码为何在.NET 4.0中不工作
的确是：
之前的代码， 在.NET 3.5之前，都是正常工作的，而在.NET 4.0中，是不工作的；
2.现已找到原因并修复。
原因是：
.NET 4.0，对于没有指定expires域的cookie，会把cookie的expires域值设置成默认的0001年0分0秒，由此导致该cookie过期失效，导致百度的那个cookie：
H_PS_PSSID
失效，导致后续操作都异常了。
而.NET 3.5之前，虽然cookie的expires域值也是默认的0001年0分0秒，但是实际上cookie还是可用的，所以后续就正常，就不会发生此问题；
3.修复后的代码：
供下载：
（1）模拟百度登陆 独立完整代码版本 .NET 4.0
emulateLoginBaidu_csharp_independentCodeVersion_2013-09-11.7z
（2）模拟百度登陆 （利用我自己的）crifanLib版本 .NET 4.0
emulateLoginBaidu_csharp_crifanLibVersion_2013-09-11.7z
（抽空再上传上面两个文件，因为此处上传出错：
| xxx.7z: unknown Bytes complete FAILED! :Upload canceled : VIRUS DETECTED! (Heuristics.Broken.Executable FOUND) |
抽空换个时间上传试试。还是同样错误的话，再去解决。）
【总结】
.NET 不论是3.5以及之前，还是最新的4.0，在解析http的response中的Set-Cookie变成CookieCollection方面：
一直就是狗屎，bug一堆。
详见：
以后，能少用那个resp.Cookies，就少用吧。
否则被C#玩死，都不知道怎么死的。
还是用自己写的那个解析函数去解析Set-Cookie，得到正确的CookieCollection吧。
详见：