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    【记录】基于通过pip安装官网Django后，折腾第二个Django的app

    Django crifan 4723浏览 0评论

    已经折腾完第一个app了，现在接着参考：

    Writing your first Django app, part 2

    去折腾第二个app：

    1.打开

    E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp\firstApp\settings.py

    添加admin：

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    INSTALLED_APPS = (
        'django.contrib.auth',
        'django.contrib.contenttypes',
        'django.contrib.sessions',
        'django.contrib.sites',
        'django.contrib.messages',
        'django.contrib.staticfiles',
        # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
        'django.contrib.admin',
        # Uncomment the next line to enable admin documentation:
        # 'django.contrib.admindocs',
        'polls',
    )

    去cmd中运行：

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    E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp>manage.py syncdb
    Creating tables ...
    Creating table django_admin_log
    Installing custom SQL ...
    Installing indexes ...
    Installed 0 object(s) from 0 fixture(s)

    修改E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp\firstApp\urls.py为：

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    from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url
     
    # Uncomment the next two lines to enable the admin:
    from django.contrib import admin
    admin.autodiscover()
     
    urlpatterns = patterns('',
        # Examples:
        # url(r'^$', 'firstApp.views.home', name='home'),
        # url(r'^firstApp/', include('firstApp.foo.urls')),
     
        # Uncomment the admin/doc line below to enable admin documentation:
        # url(r'^admin/doc/', include('django.contrib.admindocs.urls')),
     
        # Uncomment the next line to enable the admin:
        url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),
    )

    2.另外开个cmd去运行服务器：

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    E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp>manage.py runserver
    Validating models...
     
    0 errors found
    Django version 1.4.1, using settings 'firstApp.settings'
    Development server is running at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
    Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK.
    [14/Oct/2012 22:09:42] "GET /admin/ HTTP/1.1" 200 1896

    然后再去打开对应的admin页面，就可以看到登录界面了：

    django admin ui

    登录后：

    site admin UI

    3.新建：

    E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp\polls\admin.py

    内容为：

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    from polls.models import Poll
    from django.contrib import admin
     
    admin.site.register(Poll)

    关闭旧的server，重开cmd，重新运行server：

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    E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp>manage.py runserver
    Validating models...
     
    0 errors found
    Django version 1.4.1, using settings 'firstApp.settings'
    Development server is running at http://127.0.0.1:8000/
    Quit the server with CTRL-BREAK.

    刷新http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/即可看到新的polls的UI了：

    added polls admin ui

    点击Polls，进入change的ui：

    click polls to see change ui

    点击后可以编辑：

    change poll

    修改后，点击history，可以看到历史记录：

    see history

    4.把

    E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp\polls\admin.py

    相关部分改为：

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    #admin.site.register(Poll)
    class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
        fields = ['pub_date', 'question']
     
    admin.site.register(Poll, PollAdmin)

    然后刷新页面可以看到变化：

    first date then question

    再变为：

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    # #admin.site.register(Poll)
     
    # class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
        # fields = ['pub_date', 'question']
     
    # admin.site.register(Poll, PollAdmin)
     
    class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
        fieldsets = [
            (None,               {'fields': ['question']}),
            ('Date information', {'fields': ['pub_date']}),
        ]
     
    admin.site.register(Poll, PollAdmin)

    效果为：

    fields set UI

    再改为：

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    class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
        fieldsets = [
            (None,               {'fields': ['question']}),
            ('Date information', {'fields': ['pub_date'], 'classes': ['collapse']}),
        ]
     
    admin.site.register(Poll, PollAdmin)

    效果为：

    show hide

    5.再给admin.py添加代码：

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    from polls.models import Choice
     
    admin.site.register(Choice)

    然后效果为：

    can see choices

     

    去添加choice：

    add choice

    然后把代码改为：

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    from polls.models import Poll
    from django.contrib import admin
     
    from polls.models import Choice
     
    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # admin.site.register(Choice)
    class ChoiceInline(admin.StackedInline):
        model = Choice
        extra = 3
     
    class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
        fieldsets = [
            (None,               {'fields': ['question']}),
            ('Date information', {'fields': ['pub_date'], 'classes': ['collapse']}),
        ]
        inlines = [ChoiceInline]
     
    admin.site.register(Poll, PollAdmin)
     
    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
    # #admin.site.register(Poll)
     
    # class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
        # fields = ['pub_date', 'question']
     
    # admin.site.register(Poll, PollAdmin)
     
    # class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
        # fieldsets = [
            # (None,               {'fields': ['question']}),
            # ('Date information', {'fields': ['pub_date']}),
        # ]
     
    # admin.site.register(Poll, PollAdmin)
     
    class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
        fieldsets = [
            (None,               {'fields': ['question']}),
            ('Date information', {'fields': ['pub_date'], 'classes': ['collapse']}),
        ]
     
    admin.site.register(Poll, PollAdmin)

    结果由于重复出现了两个

    admin.site.register(Poll, PollAdmin)

    所以报错了：

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    AlreadyRegistered at /admin/polls/
    The model Poll is already registeredRequest Method: GET
    Request URL: http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/polls/
    Django Version: 1.4.1
    Exception Type: AlreadyRegistered
    Exception Value: The model Poll is already registered
    Exception Location: E:\dev_install_root\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\admin\sites.py in register, line 80
    Python Executable: E:\dev_install_root\Python27\python.exe
    Python Version: 2.7.2
    Python Path: ['E:\\Dev_Root\\WebServer\\Django\\fisrtApp\\firstApp',
     'E:\\dev_install_root\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\distribute-0.6.28-py2.7.egg',
     'C:\\Windows\\system32\\python27.zip',
     'E:\\dev_install_root\\Python27\\DLLs',
     'E:\\dev_install_root\\Python27\\lib',
     'E:\\dev_install_root\\Python27\\lib\\plat-win',
     'E:\\dev_install_root\\Python27\\lib\\lib-tk',
     'E:\\dev_install_root\\Python27',
     'E:\\dev_install_root\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages',
     'E:\\dev_install_root\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\setuptools-0.6c11-py2.7.egg-info']
    Server time: Sun, 14 Oct 2012 22:38:41 +0800
     
    Traceback Switch to copy-and-paste view
    E:\dev_install_root\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py in get_response                     if hasattr(request, "urlconf"):                        # Reset url resolver with a custom urlconf.                        urlconf = request.urlconf                        urlresolvers.set_urlconf(urlconf)                        resolver = urlresolvers.RegexURLResolver(r'^/', urlconf)                    callback, callback_args, callback_kwargs = resolver.resolve(                            request.path_info) ...                    # Apply view middleware                    for middleware_method in self._view_middleware:                        response = middleware_method(request, callback, callback_args, callback_kwargs)                        if response:                            break
    ▶ Local vars
    Variable Value
    settings <django.conf.LazySettings object at 0x0000000002591DD8>
    middleware_method <bound method MessageMiddleware.process_request of <django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware object at 0x000000000331F9B0>>
    self <django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler object at 0x00000000032ABDA0>
    request "<WSGIRequest\npath:/admin/polls/,\nGET:<QueryDict: {}>,\nPOST:<QueryDict: {}>,\nCOOKIES:{'csrftoken': 'pZqqwmY5XFbdHPz1el5MU5CyGgmQAFjA',\n 'sessionid': '568f8b2f1ee7fb3b7d443834f9acd15e'},\nMETA:{'ALLUSERSPROFILE': 'C:\\\\ProgramData',\n 'AMDAPPSDKROOT': 'C:\\\\Program Files (x86)\\\\AMD APP\\\\',\n 'ANT_HOME': 'E:\\\\Dev_Root\\\\docbook\\\\tools\\\\ant\\\\apache-ant-1.8.4',\n 'APPDATA': 'C:\\\\Users\\\\Administrator\\\\AppData\\\\Roaming',\n 'COMMONPROGRAMFILES': 'C:\\\\Program Files\\\\Common Files',\n 'COMMONPROGRAMFILES(X86)': 'C:\\\\Program Files (x86)\\\\Common Files',\n 'COMMONPROGRAMW6432': 'C:\\\\Program Files\\\\Common Files',\n 'COMPUTERNAME': 'NYBDHB7EB3XEHP6',\n 'COMSPEC': 'C:\\\\Windows\\\\system32\\\\cmd.exe',\n 'CONTENT_LENGTH': '',\n 'CONTENT_TYPE': 'text/plain',\n 'DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE': 'firstApp.settings',\n 'FOP_HOME': 'E:/Dev_Root/docbook/tools/fop-1.0',\n 'FP_NO_HOST_CHECK': 'NO',\n 'GATEWAY_INTERFACE': 'CGI/1.1',\n 'HOMEDRIVE': 'C:',\n 'HOMEPATH': '\\\\Users\\\\Administrator',\n 'HTTP_ACCEPT': 'application/x-ms-application, image/jpeg, application/xaml+xml, image/gif, image/pjpeg, application/x-ms-xbap, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*',\n 'HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING': 'gzip, deflate',\n 'HTTP_ACCEPT_LANGUAGE': 'zh-CN',\n 'HTTP_CONNECTION': 'Keep-Alive',\n 'HTTP_COOKIE': 'csrftoken=pZqqwmY5XFbdHPz1el5MU5CyGgmQAFjA; sessionid=568f8b2f1ee7fb3b7d443834f9acd15e',\n 'HTTP_HOST': '127.0.0.1:8000',\n 'HTTP_REFERER': 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/polls/choice/add/',\n 'HTTP_USER_AGENT': 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; Media Center PC 6.0; .NET4.0C; .NET4.0E)',\n 'JAVA_HOME': 'C:\\\\Program Files (x86)\\\\Java\\\\jre7',\n 'LOCALAPPDATA': 'C:\\\\Users\\\\Administrator\\\\AppData\\\\Local',\n 'LOGONSERVER': '\\\\\\\\NYBDHB7EB3XEHP6',\n 'NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS': '4',\n 'OS': 'Windows_NT',\n 'PATH': 'C:\\\\Program Files\\\\Common Files\\\\Microsoft Shared\\\\Windows Live;C:\\\\Program Files (x86)\\\\Common Files\\\\Microsoft Shared\\\\Windows Live;C:\\\\Program Files (x86)\\\\AMD APP\\\\bin\\\\x86_64;C:\\\\Program Files (x86)\\\\AMD APP\\\\bin\\\\x86;C:\\\\Windows\\\\system32;C:\\\\Windows;C:\\\\Windows\\\\System32\\\\Wbem;C:\\\\Windows\\\\System32\\\\WindowsPowerShell\\\\v1.0\\\\;C:\\\\Program Files (x86)\\\\ATI Technologies\\\\ATI.ACE\\\\Core-Static;C:\\\\Program Files (x86)\\\\Windows Live\\\\Shared;E:\\\\dev_install_root\\\\TortoiseSVN\\\\bin;c:\\\\Program Files (x86)\\\\Microsoft SQL Server\\\\100\\\\Tools\\\\Binn\\\\;c:\\\\Program Files\\\\Microsoft SQL Server\\\\100\\\\Tools\\\\Binn\\\\;c:\\\\Program Files\\\\Microsoft SQL Server\\\\100\\\\DTS\\\\Binn\\\\;E:\\\\Dev_Root\\\\docbook\\\\tools\\\\libxml\\\\bin;E:/Dev_Root/docbook/tools/fop-1.0;C:\\\\Program Files (x86)\\\\Java\\\\jre7\\\\bin;E:\\\\Dev_Root\\\\docbook\\\\tools\\\\ant\\\\apache-ant-1.8.4\\\\bin;E:\\\\dev_install_root\\\\HTML Help Workshop;D:\\\\Program Files\\\\7-Zip;E:\\\\dev_install_root\\\\Python27;E:\\\\dev_install_root\\\\Python27\\\\Scripts;',\n 'PATHEXT': '.COM;.EXE;.BAT;.CMD;.VBS;.VBE;.JS;.JSE;.WSF;.WSH;.MSC',\n 'PATH_INFO': u'/admin/polls/',\n 'PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE': 'AMD64',\n 'PROCESSOR_IDENTIFIER': 'Intel64 Family 6 Model 37 Stepping 5, GenuineIntel',\n 'PROCESSOR_LEVEL': '6',\n 'PROCESSOR_REVISION': '2505',\n 'PROGRAMDATA': 'C:\\\\ProgramData',\n 'PROGRAMFILES': 'C:\\\\Program Files',\n 'PROGRAMFILES(X86)': 'C:\\\\Program Files (x86)',\n 'PROGRAMW6432': 'C:\\\\Program Files',\n 'PROMPT': '$P$G',\n 'PSMODULEPATH': 'C:\\\\Windows\\\\system32\\\\WindowsPowerShell\\\\v1.0\\\\Modules\\\\',\n 'PUBLIC': 'C:\\\\Users\\\\Public',\n 'QUERY_STRING': '',\n 'REMOTE_ADDR': '127.0.0.1',\n 'REMOTE_HOST': '',\n 'REQUEST_METHOD': 'GET',\n 'RUN_MAIN': 'true',\n 'SCRIPT_NAME': u'',\n 'SERVER_NAME': 'NYBDHB7EB3XEHP6',\n 'SERVER_PORT': '8000',\n 'SERVER_PROTOCOL': 'HTTP/1.1',\n 'SERVER_SOFTWARE': 'WSGIServer/0.1 Python/2.7.2',\n 'SESSIONNAME': 'Console',\n 'SYSTEMDRIVE': 'C:',\n 'SYSTEMROOT': 'C:\\\\Windows',\n 'TEMP': 'C:\\\\Users\\\\ADMINI~1\\\\AppData\\\\Local\\\\Temp',\n 'TMP': 'C:\\\\Users\\\\ADMINI~1\\\\AppData\\\\Local\\\\Temp',\n 'USERDOMAIN': 'NYBDHB7EB3XEHP6',\n 'USERNAME': 'Administrator',\n 'USERPROFILE': 'C:\\\\Users\\\\Administrator',\n 'VBOX_INSTALL_PATH': 'E:\\\\dev_install_root\\\\Oracle\\\\VirtualBox\\\\',\n 'VS100COMNTOOLS': 'C:\\\\Program Files (x86)\\\\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\\\\Common7\\\\Tools\\\\',\n 'WINDIR': 'C:\\\\Windows',\n 'WINDOWS_TRACING_FLAGS': '3',\n 'WINDOWS_TRACING_LOGFILE': 'C:\\\\BVTBin\\\\Tests\\\\installpackage\\\\csilogfile.log',\n '_DFX_INSTALL_UNSIGNED_DRIVER': '1',\n 'wsgi.errors': <open file '<stderr>', mode 'w' at 0x0000000001E5E1E0>,\n 'wsgi.file_wrapper': <class wsgiref.util.FileWrapper at 0x0000000002CDFE28>,\n 'wsgi.input': <socket._fileobject object at 0x00000000032BD750>,\n 'wsgi.multiprocess': False,\n 'wsgi.multithread': True,\n 'wsgi.run_once': False,\n 'wsgi.url_scheme': 'http',\n 'wsgi.version': (1, 0)}>"
    exceptions <module 'django.core.exceptions' from 'E:\dev_install_root\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\core\exceptions.pyc'>
    resolver <RegexURLResolver firstApp.urls (None:None) ^/>
    urlresolvers <module 'django.core.urlresolvers' from 'E:\dev_install_root\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\core\urlresolvers.pyc'>
    response None
    urlconf 'firstApp.urls'
     
    E:\dev_install_root\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\core\urlresolvers.py in resolve         return self._app_dict[language_code]    def resolve(self, path):        tried = []        match = self.regex.search(path)        if match:            new_path = path[match.end():]            for pattern in self.url_patterns: ...                try:                    sub_match = pattern.resolve(new_path)                except Resolver404, e:                    sub_tried = e.args[0].get('tried')                    if sub_tried is not None:                        tried.extend([[pattern] + t for t in sub_tried])
    ▶ Local vars
    Variable Value
    path u'/admin/polls/'
    self <RegexURLResolver firstApp.urls (None:None) ^/>
    new_path u'admin/polls/'
    tried []
    match <_sre.SRE_Match object at 0x000000000331E718>
     
    E:\dev_install_root\Python27\lib\site-packages\django\core\urlresolvers.py in url_patterns             return self._urlconf_module        except AttributeError:            self._urlconf_module = import_module(self.urlconf_name)            return self._urlconf_module    @property    def url_patterns(self):        patterns = getattr(self.urlconf_module, "urlpatterns", self.urlconf_module) ...        try:            iter(patterns)        except TypeError:            raise ImproperlyConfigured("The included urlconf %s doesn't have any patterns in it" % self.urlconf_name)        return patterns

    所以，重新改为：

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    from polls.models import Poll
    from django.contrib import admin
     
    from polls.models import Choice
     
    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
    admin.site.register(Choice)
     
     
    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
    # #admin.site.register(Poll)
     
    # class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
        # fields = ['pub_date', 'question']
     
    # admin.site.register(Poll, PollAdmin)
     
    # class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
        # fieldsets = [
            # (None,               {'fields': ['question']}),
            # ('Date information', {'fields': ['pub_date']}),
        # ]
     
    # admin.site.register(Poll, PollAdmin)
     
    # class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
        # fieldsets = [
            # (None,               {'fields': ['question']}),
            # ('Date information', {'fields': ['pub_date'], 'classes': ['collapse']}),
        # ]
     
    # admin.site.register(Poll, PollAdmin)
     
    class ChoiceInline(admin.StackedInline):
        model = Choice
        extra = 3
     
    class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
        fieldsets = [
            (None,               {'fields': ['question']}),
            ('Date information', {'fields': ['pub_date'], 'classes': ['collapse']}),
        ]
        inlines = [ChoiceInline]
     
    admin.site.register(Poll, PollAdmin)

    结果就正常了：

    added sub choice

    然后改为：

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    #class ChoiceInline(admin.StackedInline):
    class ChoiceInline(admin.TabularInline):
        model = Choice
        extra = 3

    就变成了：

    TabularInline UI

    6.再去添加出来list_display：

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    class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
        fieldsets = [
            (None,               {'fields': ['question']}),
            ('Date information', {'fields': ['pub_date'], 'classes': ['collapse']}),
        ]
        inlines = [ChoiceInline]
        list_display = ('question', 'pub_date')
        list_display = ('question', 'pub_date', 'was_published_recently')

    然后效果为：

    3 fields

    E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp\polls\models.py

    改为：

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    import datetime;
    from django.utils import timezone;
    from django.db import models
     
    # Create your models here.
    class Poll(models.Model):
        question = models.CharField(max_length=200)
        pub_date = models.DateTimeField('date published')
        def __unicode__(self):
            return self.question;
        def was_published_recently(self):
            return self.pub_date >= (timezone.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=1));
        was_published_recently.admin_order_field = 'pub_date'
        was_published_recently.boolean = True
        was_published_recently.short_description = 'Published recently?'
     
    class Choice(models.Model):
        poll = models.ForeignKey(Poll)
        choice = models.CharField(max_length=200)
        votes = models.IntegerField()
        def __unicode__(self):
            return self.choice;

    然后E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp\polls\admin.py

    改为：

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    class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
        fieldsets = [
            (None,               {'fields': ['question']}),
            ('Date information', {'fields': ['pub_date'], 'classes': ['collapse']}),
        ]
        inlines = [ChoiceInline]
        list_display = ('question', 'pub_date')
        list_display = ('question', 'pub_date', 'was_published_recently')
        list_filter = ['pub_date']

    效果为：

    filter by date

    再添加search：

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    class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
        fieldsets = [
            (None,               {'fields': ['question']}),
            ('Date information', {'fields': ['pub_date'], 'classes': ['collapse']}),
        ]
        inlines = [ChoiceInline]
        list_display = ('question', 'pub_date')
        list_display = ('question', 'pub_date', 'was_published_recently')
        list_filter = ['pub_date']
        search_fields = ['question']

    效果为：

    added search

     

    添加上date：

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    class PollAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
        fieldsets = [
            (None,               {'fields': ['question']}),
            ('Date information', {'fields': ['pub_date'], 'classes': ['collapse']}),
        ]
        inlines = [ChoiceInline]
        list_display = ('question', 'pub_date')
        list_display = ('question', 'pub_date', 'was_published_recently')
        list_filter = ['pub_date']
        search_fields = ['question']
        date_hierarchy = 'pub_date'

    效果为：

    date hierarchy

    7.把

    E:\dev_install_root\Python27\Lib\site-packages\django\contrib\admin\templates\admin\base_site.html

    拷贝到

    E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\crifan\mytemplates\admin

    中。

    然后修改E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp\firstApp\settings.py为：

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    TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
        # Put strings here, like "/home/html/django_templates" or "C:/www/django/templates".
        # Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
        # Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
        "E:/Dev_Root/WebServer/Django/crifan/mytemplates"
    )

    关于查找django安装路径，也去试了试：

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    E:\Dev_Root\WebServer\Django\fisrtApp\firstApp>python
    Python 2.7.2 (default, Jun 12 2011, 14:24:46) [MSC v.1500 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32
    Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
    >>> import sys
    >>> sys.path = sys.path[1:];
    >>> import django
    >>> print(django.__path__);
    ['E:\\dev_install_root\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages\\django']
    >>>

    另外，修改了logo：

    crifan logo

    至此，第二个app就结束了。

    转载请注明：在路上 » 【记录】基于通过pip安装官网Django后，折腾第二个Django的app

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