【背景】
折腾:
【记录】在Cygwin下编译gcc-3.4.5-glibc-2.3.6的arm-xscale-linux-gnu交叉编译器
期间,去为arm的xscale配置crosstool。
【折腾过程】
1.进入Paths and misc options:
然后是:
【整理】crosstool中的Architecture level(CT_ARCH_ARCH),Emit assembly for CPU(CT_ARCH_CPU),Tune for CPU(CT_ARCH_TUNE)的值,对于arm的xscale应该是填写什么
然后对应的配置是:
(armv5te) Architecture level (xscale) Emit assembly for CPU (xscale) Tune for CPU |
2.再去看看对应的:
Use specific FPU
和
Floating point: (software)
是如何配置的。
然后参考:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/XScale
可知:
The XScale architecture is based on the ARMv5TE ISA without the floating point instructions. |
即,xscale是无浮点处理器的,所以,此处用默认的配置:
() Use specific FPU Floating point: (software) —> |
3.另外,顺带看到了:
All the generations of XScale are 32-bit ARMv5TE processors manufactured with a 0.18 µm or 0.13 µm (as in IXP43x parts) process and have a 32 kB data cache and a 32 kB instruction cache. First and second generation XScale cores also have a 2 kB mini-data cache. Products based on the 3rd generation XScale have up to 512 kB unified L2 cache.[2] |
得知上面别处的配置,是32bit的arm的armv5te,是正确无误的。
4.然后再去看看Target CFLAGS:
【整理】crosstool中Target CFLAGS参数的含义和如何设置
然后使用参数是-O:
5.对于:
暂时就用默认的,不加参数。
crosstool-NG v1.9.3 Configuration – .config ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── Target LDFLAGS │ CT_TARGET_LDFLAGS: │ │ Used to add specific options when linking libraries of the toolchain, │ that will run on your target. │ │ Leave blank if you don’t know better. │ │ Symbol: TARGET_LDFLAGS [=] │ Prompt: Target LDFLAGS │ Defined at config/target.in:306 │ Location: │ -> Target options |
最后,Target options配置如下:
crosstool-NG v1.9.3 Configuration – .config Target options │ │ *** General target options *** │ │ Target Architecture (arm) —> │ │ [*] Use the MMU │ │ Endianness: (Little endian) —> │ │ Bitness: (32-bit) —> │ │ *** arm other options *** │ │ Default instruction set mode (arm) —> │ │ [*] Use EABI │ │ *** Target optimisations *** │ │ (armv5te) Architecture level │ │ (xscale) Emit assembly for CPU │ │ (xscale) Tune for CPU │ │ () Use specific FPU │ │ Floating point: (software) —> │ │ (-O) Target CFLAGS │ │ () Target LDFLAGS |
6.再去配置Toolchain options:
其中,先去折腾vendor:
【整理】crosstool中如何设置xscale的Tuple’s vendor string(CT_TARGET_VENDOR)
对应设置为:
(xscale) Tuple’s vendor string |
最后的设置如下:
Toolchain options *** General toolchain options *** [*] Use sysroot’ed toolchain () sysroot prefix dir (READ HELP) *** Tuple completion and aliasing *** (xscale) Tuple’s vendor string () Tuple’s sed transform () Tuple’s alias *** Toolchain type *** Type (Cross) —> *** Build system *** () Tuple (READ HELP!) () Tools prefix (READ HELP!) () Tools suffix (READ HELP!) |
7.再去看Operating System:
其中,此处的Linux,用的是:
Linux kernel version (2.6.36) —> |
好像和我之前的调查的:
linux-2.6.8
linux-2.6.9
都不一样,不知道是否会有问题。
还是尝试去改为linux-2.6.8吧,结果还要自己自定义tarball:
Linux kernel version (custom tarball) —> custom tarball () Path to custom tarball |
算了,还是参考:
Cygwin下用crosstool-ng 编译交叉工具链
其用linux-2.6.33.7.tar.bz2,我随便去用默认的2.6.36吧。
最后的配置如下:
── Operating System Target OS (linux) —> Get kernel headers from: (kernel’s ‘headers_install’) —> kernel’s ‘headers_install’ Linux kernel version (2.6.36) —> Kernel verbosity: (Simplified) —> [*] Check installed headers *** Common kernel options *** [*] Build shared libraries |
8.再去看看Binary utilities,然后使用默认的配置:
9.再去看看C compiler:
其他好像都是默认,个别需要改的:
(1) [*] Enable GRAPHITE loop optimisations
去掉,变成:
[ ] Enable GRAPHITE loop optimisations
因为其说:
────────────────── Enable GRAPHITE loop optimisations ─── CT_CC_GCC_USE_GRAPHITE: Enable the GRAPHITE loop optimsations. This requires the PPL and CLooG companion libraries, and those will be automatically build for you. On some systems (eg. Cygwin), PPL and/or CLooG may not build properly (yet), so you’ll have to say ‘N’ here. Symbol: CC_GCC_USE_GRAPHITE [=n] Prompt: Enable GRAPHITE loop optimisations Defined at config/cc/gcc.in.2:12 Depends on: CC_gcc && CC_GCC_HAS_GRAPHITE Location: -> C compiler Selects: CC_GCC_USE_PPL_CLOOG |
即,对于我此处的Cygwin,最好不要选。
(2) [*] Use __cxa_atexit
看了其说明:
─────────────────────────── Use __cxa_atexit ─────────────────────────── CT_CC_CXA_ATEXIT: If you get the missing symbol "__cxa_atexit" when building C++ programs, you might want to try disabling this option. Symbol: CC_CXA_ATEXIT [=y] Prompt: Use __cxa_atexit Defined at config/cc/gcc.in.2:90 Depends on: CC_gcc && !BARE_METAL Location: -> C compiler |
觉得也去掉比较好:
[ ] Use __cxa_atexit
最后的选项如下:
───────────────────────── C compiler ──────────── C compiler (gcc) —> gcc version (4.4.3) —> (crosstool-NG-${CT_VERSION}) gcc ID string () gcc bug URL () Flags to pass to –enable-cxx-flags () Core gcc extra config () gcc extra config *** Additional supported languages: *** [*] C++ [ ] Fortran [ ] Java *** gcc other options *** [*] Optimize gcc libs for size [ ] Enable GRAPHITE loop optimisations [*] Link libstdc++ statically into the gcc binary [ ] Compile libmudflap [ ] Compile libgomp [ ] Compile libssp *** Misc. obscure options. *** [ ] Use __cxa_atexit [ ] Do not build PCH <M> Use sjlj for exceptions <M> Enable 128-bit long doubles |
10.再去看看C-library:
然后用默认配置:
────────────────────────────── C-library ──────────────────────────────────── C library (glibc) —> Retrieval method (Released tarball) —> glibc version (2.9) —> *** glibc/eglibc common options *** () extra config () Extra config params (READ HELP) () extra target CFLAGS () gcc extra flags -*- Use the ports addon () Extra addons *** WARNING !!! *** *** For glibc >= 2.8, it can happen that the tarballs *** *** for the addons are not available for download. *** *** If that happens, bad luck… Try a previous version *** *** or try again later… :-( *** Minimum supported kernel version (Same as kernel headers (default)) —> *** Common C library options *** Threading implementation to use: (nptl) —> [*] Install a cross ldd-like helper |
11.再去看看Debug facilities:
针对其中的duma,去查了下:
D.U.M.A. – Detect Unintended Memory Access
发现是个检测内存访问异常的工具,所以,此处可以暂不选。
然后再把ltrace也去掉。
配置如下:
Debug facilities [*] strace —> [*] dmalloc —> [ ] duma —> [*] gdb —> [ ] ltrace —> |
12.再去看看Companion libraries:
用默认配置:
──── Companion libraries GMP version (4.3.2) —> MPFR version (2.4.2) —> *** Companion libraries common options *** [ ] Check the companion libraries builds (!!! READ HELP!!!) [ ] Build shared companion libraries |
13.然后保存所有配置:
Save an Alternate Configuration File->.config->OK
【总结】
配置crosstool的话,主要就是参考别人的配置,一点点为xscale去做相应的改动。
【后记 2013-07-24】
后来在crosstool-ng官网看到了配置截图,其中巧了,有xscale的例子:
所以,再次确认,之前自己填写的:
(armv5te) Architecture level (xscale) Emit assembly for CPU (xscale) Tune for CPU |
是对的。
2.但是另外看到了,该例子中,对于xscale,设置的endianness设置为Big endian
而自己之前设置的是little endian
所以,要搞清楚:
xscale,到底是little endian还是big endian,还是两者都支持。
然后是参考:
Intel XScale Microarchitecture Programmer Model for Big Endian Application Note
中的解释:
Intel XScale Microarchitecture has the option to operate in either little or big endian mode. |
即,都支持的,所以,可以根据自己需要去设置xscale是用little endian还是big endian。
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