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    你的位置：在路上 > 工作和技术 > ProgrammingLanguage > C# > 【已解决】C#中如何注册/获得/捕获全局热键/快捷键

    【已解决】C#中如何注册/获得/捕获全局热键/快捷键

    C# crifan 3776浏览 0评论

    【问题】

    一个C#窗体程序，想要实现，不论程序是否获得当前焦点，都要能够捕获到全局的某个设置好的快捷键。

    比如按Ctrl+Alt+Shift+M，然后程序就可以捕获到。

    【解决过程】

    1.从这里：c#全局热键+获取窗口句柄，得知有个RegisterHotKey的。

    2.然后就找到这里：Set global hotkeys using C#，参考其代码，去添加了如下代码：

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    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.ComponentModel;
    using System.Data;
    using System.Drawing;
    using System.Text;
    using System.Windows.Forms;
     
    namespace downloadSongtasteMusic
    {
     
        public sealed class KeyboardHook : IDisposable
        {
            // Registers a hot key with Windows.
            [DllImport("user32.dll")]
            private static extern bool RegisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id, uint fsModifiers, uint vk);
            // Unregisters the hot key with Windows.
            [DllImport("user32.dll")]
            private static extern bool UnregisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id);
     
            /// <summary>
            /// Represents the window that is used internally to get the messages.
            /// </summary>
            private class Window : NativeWindow, IDisposable
            {
                private static int WM_HOTKEY = 0x0312;
     
                public Window()
                {
                    // create the handle for the window.
                    this.CreateHandle(new CreateParams());
                }
     
                /// <summary>
                /// Overridden to get the notifications.
                /// </summary>
                /// <param name="m"></param>
                protected override void WndProc(ref Message m)
                {
                    base.WndProc(ref m);
     
                    // check if we got a hot key pressed.
                    if (m.Msg == WM_HOTKEY)
                    {
                        // get the keys.
                        Keys key = (Keys)(((int)m.LParam >> 16) & 0xFFFF);
                        ModifierKeys modifier = (ModifierKeys)((int)m.LParam & 0xFFFF);
     
                        // invoke the event to notify the parent.
                        if (KeyPressed != null)
                            KeyPressed(this, new KeyPressedEventArgs(modifier, key));
                    }
                }
     
                public event EventHandler<KeyPressedEventArgs> KeyPressed;
     
                #region IDisposable Members
     
                public void Dispose()
                {
                    this.DestroyHandle();
                }
     
                #endregion
            }
     
            private Window _window = new Window();
            private int _currentId;
     
            public KeyboardHook()
            {
                // register the event of the inner native window.
                _window.KeyPressed += delegate(object sender, KeyPressedEventArgs args)
                {
                    if (KeyPressed != null)
                        KeyPressed(this, args);
                };
            }
     
            /// <summary>
            /// Registers a hot key in the system.
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="modifier">The modifiers that are associated with the hot key.</param>
            /// <param name="key">The key itself that is associated with the hot key.</param>
            public void RegisterHotKey(ModifierKeys modifier, Keys key)
            {
                // increment the counter.
                _currentId = _currentId + 1;
     
                // register the hot key.
                if (!RegisterHotKey(_window.Handle, _currentId, (uint)modifier, (uint)key))
                    throw new InvalidOperationException("Couldn't register the hot key.");
            }
     
            /// <summary>
            /// A hot key has been pressed.
            /// </summary>
            public event EventHandler<KeyPressedEventArgs> KeyPressed;
     
            #region IDisposable Members
     
            public void Dispose()
            {
                // unregister all the registered hot keys.
                for (int i = _currentId; i > 0; i--)
                {
                    UnregisterHotKey(_window.Handle, i);
                }
     
                // dispose the inner native window.
                _window.Dispose();
            }
     
            #endregion
        }
     
        /// <summary>
        /// Event Args for the event that is fired after the hot key has been pressed.
        /// </summary>
        public class KeyPressedEventArgs : EventArgs
        {
            private ModifierKeys _modifier;
            private Keys _key;
     
            internal KeyPressedEventArgs(ModifierKeys modifier, Keys key)
            {
                _modifier = modifier;
                _key = key;
            }
     
            public ModifierKeys Modifier
            {
                get { return _modifier; }
            }
     
            public Keys Key
            {
                get { return _key; }
            }
        }
     
        /// <summary>
        /// The enumeration of possible modifiers.
        /// </summary>
        [Flags]
        public enum ModifierKeys : uint
        {
            Alt = 1,
            Control = 2,
            Shift = 4,
            Win = 8
        }
     
        public partial class frmDownloadSonstasteMusic : Form
        {
            KeyboardHook hook = new KeyboardHook();
     
            public frmDownloadSonstasteMusic()
            {
                InitializeComponent();
     
                // register the event that is fired after the key press.
                hook.KeyPressed += new EventHandler<KeyPressedEventArgs>(hook_KeyPressed);
                // register the control + alt + F12 combination as hot key.
                hook.RegisterHotKey(ModifierKeys.Control | ModifierKeys.Alt, Keys.F12);
            }
     
            private void frmDownloadSonstasteMusic_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
            {
     
            }
     
            private void frmDownloadSonstasteMusic_SizeChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
            {
                if (this.WindowState == FormWindowState.Minimized)
                {
                    Hide();  // 隐藏窗体
                    nfiSystem.Visible = true;  // 系统托盘图标可见
                }
     
            }
     
            private void nfiSystem_MouseDoubleClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
            {
                this.Visible = true;
                this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Normal;
                this.nfiSystem.Visible = false;
            }
        }
    }

    结果编译出错：

    D:\xxx\downloadSongtasteMusic\frmDownloadSonstasteMusic.cs(15,10): error CS0246: The type or namespace name ‘DllImport’ could not be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?)

    然后就先去解决DllImport的问题。

    3.然后解决了上述DllImport的问题：

    【已解决】error CS0246: The type or namespace name ‘DllImport’ could not be found (are you missing a using directive or an assembly reference?)

    4.接着编译又出现了错误，是关于上述代码中的ModifierKeys，折腾了一下，发现好像是和系统自带的ModifierKeys有冲突，所以自己将其改为ModifierKeys_e，然后才解决问题。

    其中，还由于把上面一堆代码，拷贝到当前那个窗体对应的cs文件：frmDownloadSonstasteMusic.cs中，无法工作，然后把这代码都放到另外的一个文件Program.cs，然后才可以正常使用，窗体才可以正常显示。

    然后运行了一下，同时按Ctrl+Alt+F12，就可以捕获，并在texBox中显示出来了。

     

    最后工作的代码是：

    （1）Program.cs

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    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.Windows.Forms;
    using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
     
    namespace downloadSongtasteMusic
    {
     
        public sealed class KeyboardHook : IDisposable
        {
            // Registers a hot key with Windows.
            [DllImport("user32.dll")]
            private static extern bool RegisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id, uint fsModifiers, uint vk);
            // Unregisters the hot key with Windows.
            [DllImport("user32.dll")]
            private static extern bool UnregisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id);
     
            /// <summary>
            /// Represents the window that is used internally to get the messages.
            /// </summary>
            private class Window : NativeWindow, IDisposable
            {
                private static int WM_HOTKEY = 0x0312;
     
                public Window()
                {
                    // create the handle for the window.
                    this.CreateHandle(new CreateParams());
                }
     
                /// <summary>
                /// Overridden to get the notifications.
                /// </summary>
                /// <param name="m"></param>
                protected override void WndProc(ref Message m)
                {
                    base.WndProc(ref m);
     
                    // check if we got a hot key pressed.
                    if (m.Msg == WM_HOTKEY)
                    {
                        // get the keys.
                        Keys key = (Keys)(((int)m.LParam >> 16) & 0xFFFF);
                        ModifierKeys_e modifier = (ModifierKeys_e)((int)m.LParam & 0xFFFF);
     
                        // invoke the event to notify the parent.
                        if (KeyPressed != null)
                            KeyPressed(this, new KeyPressedEventArgs(modifier, key));
                    }
                }
     
                public event EventHandler<KeyPressedEventArgs> KeyPressed;
     
                #region IDisposable Members
     
                public void Dispose()
                {
                    this.DestroyHandle();
                }
     
                #endregion
            }
     
            private Window _window = new Window();
            private int _currentId;
     
            public KeyboardHook()
            {
                // register the event of the inner native window.
                _window.KeyPressed += delegate(object sender, KeyPressedEventArgs args)
                {
                    if (KeyPressed != null)
                        KeyPressed(this, args);
                };
            }
     
            /// <summary>
            /// Registers a hot key in the system.
            /// </summary>
            /// <param name="modifier">The modifiers that are associated with the hot key.</param>
            /// <param name="key">The key itself that is associated with the hot key.</param>
            public void RegisterHotKey(ModifierKeys_e modifier, Keys key)
            {
                // increment the counter.
                _currentId = _currentId + 1;
     
                // register the hot key.
                if (!RegisterHotKey(_window.Handle, _currentId, (uint)modifier, (uint)key))
                    throw new InvalidOperationException("Couldn't register the hot key.");
            }
     
            /// <summary>
            /// A hot key has been pressed.
            /// </summary>
            public event EventHandler<KeyPressedEventArgs> KeyPressed;
     
            #region IDisposable Members
     
            public void Dispose()
            {
                // unregister all the registered hot keys.
                for (int i = _currentId; i > 0; i--)
                {
                    UnregisterHotKey(_window.Handle, i);
                }
     
                // dispose the inner native window.
                _window.Dispose();
            }
     
            #endregion
        }
     
        /// <summary>
        /// Event Args for the event that is fired after the hot key has been pressed.
        /// </summary>
        public class KeyPressedEventArgs : EventArgs
        {
            private ModifierKeys_e _modifier;
            private Keys _key;
     
            internal KeyPressedEventArgs(ModifierKeys_e modifier, Keys key)
            {
                _modifier = modifier;
                _key = key;
            }
     
            public ModifierKeys_e Modifier
            {
                get { return _modifier; }
            }
     
            public Keys Key
            {
                get { return _key; }
            }
        }
     
        /// <summary>
        /// The enumeration of possible modifiers.
        /// </summary>
        [Flags]
        public enum ModifierKeys_e : uint
        {
            Alt = 1,
            Control = 2,
            Shift = 4,
            Win = 8
        }
     
        static class Program
        {
            /// <summary>
            /// The main entry point for the application.
            /// </summary>
            [STAThread]
            static void Main()
            {
                Application.EnableVisualStyles();
                Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
                Application.Run(new frmDownloadSonstasteMusic());
            }
        }
    }

    （2）frmDownloadSonstasteMusic.cs

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    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;
    using System.ComponentModel;
    using System.Data;
    using System.Drawing;
    using System.Text;
    using System.Windows.Forms;
     
    namespace downloadSongtasteMusic
    {
     
     
        public partial class frmDownloadSonstasteMusic : Form
        {
            KeyboardHook hook = new KeyboardHook();
     
            public frmDownloadSonstasteMusic()
            {
                InitializeComponent();
     
                // register the event that is fired after the key press.
                hook.KeyPressed += new EventHandler<KeyPressedEventArgs>(hook_KeyPressed);
                // register the control + alt + F12 combination as hot key.
                //hook.RegisterHotKey(ModifierKeys.Control | ModifierKeys.Alt, Keys.F12);
                hook.RegisterHotKey(ModifierKeys_e.Control | ModifierKeys_e.Alt, Keys.F12);
            }
             
            void hook_KeyPressed(object sender, KeyPressedEventArgs e)
            {
                // show the keys pressed in a label.
                rtbInfo.Text = e.Modifier.ToString() + " + " + e.Key.ToString();
            }
     
            private void frmDownloadSonstasteMusic_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
            {
     
            }
     
            private void frmDownloadSonstasteMusic_SizeChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
            {
                if (this.WindowState == FormWindowState.Minimized)
                {
                    Hide();  // 隐藏窗体
                    nfiSystem.Visible = true;  // 系统托盘图标可见
                }
     
            }
     
            private void nfiSystem_MouseDoubleClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
            {
                this.Visible = true;
                this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Normal;
                this.nfiSystem.Visible = false;
            }
        }
    }

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