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    你的位置：在路上 > 工作和技术 > Server > Django > 【已解决】Django的Serializer中如何序列化Script中的Author的Function Group

    【已解决】Django的Serializer中如何序列化Script中的Author的Function Group

    Django crifan 974浏览 0评论
    折腾：
    【未解决】剧本编写系统中优化全部剧本列表页
    期间，想要给当前：
    添加一列 剧本组，结果发现还有点点麻烦：
    因为此处从后台返回的数据中：
            serializer = ScriptSerializer(queryset, many=True)
        logger.info("serializer=%s", serializer)
        serializedData = serializer.data
        logger.info("serializedData=%s", serializedData)

        respData = None
        if page is not None:
            respData = self.get_paginated_response(serializedData)
        else:
            respData = Response(serializedData)

        logger.info("respData=%s", respData)
        return respData
    是通过ScriptSerializer：
    class ScriptSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    author = serializers.CharField(source='author.username', read_only=True)
    topic = serializers.CharField(source='topic.name', read_only=False)
    second_level_topic = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    publish_status = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    edit_status = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    review = ReviewSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
    dialog_count = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    class Meta:
        model = Script
        fields = ('id', 'place', 'title', 'topic', 'second_level_topic',
                  'age_start', 'version', 'age_end', 'author',
                  'publish_status', 'edit_status', 'review', 'dialog_count',
                  'created_at', 'updated_at')
    很明显，其中只有author的名字，而没有author所在的script的function group
    需要去加上这个字段，才可以返回给前端。
    而参考：
    review = ReviewSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)

class ReviewSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    reviewer = serializers.CharField(source='reviewer.username',
                                     read_only=True)
    result = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    class Meta:
        model = Review
        fields = ('id', 'reviewer', 'remark', 'result')
        read_only_fields = ('id', 'created_at', 'updated_at')

    def get_result(self, obj):
        return obj.get_result_display()
    好像是可以通过把author去改为：
    author = UserSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)

class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('id', 'mobile_phone_number', 'email', 'password', 'username',
                  'name', 'is_superuser', 'is_active', 'date_joined')
        read_only_fields = ('id', 'is_superuser', 'date_joined')
        extra_kwargs = {'password': {'write_only': True}}
    但是发现此处的user，并不能很好的找到其所加入的scritp function group
    Serializer relations – Django REST framework
    貌似可以用其中的自定义的RelatedField去实现：
    从script的author找到其是否有加入script的function group，然后返回对应的group的id和name
    结果试了半天：
    class ScriptFuctionGroup(serializers.RelatedField):
    def to_representation(self, value):
        logger.info("ScriptFuctionGroup to_representation: self=%s, value=%s", self, value)
        # find current script author joined script function group
        return {
            "groupId": "",
            "groupName": "",
        }

class ScriptSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    author = serializers.CharField(source='author.username', read_only=True)
    # author = UserSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
    joinedScriptGroup = ScriptFuctionGroup(many=False, read_only=True)
    不起效果：to_representation都运行不到。
    但是对于ScriptFuctionGroup倒是可以看到的：
    INFO|20180802 11:08:12|views:list:150|after ScriptSerializer serializer=ScriptSerializer(<QuerySet [<Script: 儿歌>, <Script: 儿歌>, <Script: 儿歌>, <Script: 1>, <Script: 1>, <Script: 1>, <Script: wer>]>, many=True):
    id = UUIDField(read_only=True)
    place = CharField(max_length=128)
    title = CharField(max_length=128)
    topic = CharField(read_only=False, source='topic.name')
    second_level_topic = SerializerMethodField()
    age_start = IntegerField(max_value=2147483647, min_value=-2147483648, required=False)
    version = IntegerField(read_only=True)
    age_end = IntegerField(max_value=2147483647, min_value=-2147483648, required=False)
    author = CharField(read_only=True, source='author.username')
    joinedScriptGroup = ScriptFuctionGroup(read_only=True)
    publish_status = SerializerMethodField()
    edit_status = SerializerMethodField()
    review = ReviewSerializer(read_only=True):
        id = UUIDField(read_only=True)
        reviewer = CharField(read_only=True, source='reviewer.username')
        remark = CharField(style={'base_template': 'textarea.html'})
        result = SerializerMethodField()
    dialog_count = SerializerMethodField()
    created_at = DateTimeField(read_only=True)
    updated_at = DateTimeField(read_only=True)
    而此处看到：
    class User(AbstractUser):
    id = models.UUIDField(primary_key=True, default=uuid.uuid4, editable=False)
    is_active = models.BooleanField(default=False)
    name = models.CharField(blank=True, max_length=128)
    mobile_phone_number = models.CharField(blank=False, null=False,
                                           max_length=11, unique=True)

class FunctionGroup(TimestampedModel):
    TYPE_VALUE_ADMIN = "0"
    TYPE_VALUE_SCRIPT = "1"
    TYPE_NAME_ADMIN = "admin_function_group"
    TYPE_NAME_SCRIPT = "script_function_group"

    CHOICES = {
        (TYPE_VALUE_ADMIN, TYPE_NAME_ADMIN),
        (TYPE_VALUE_SCRIPT, TYPE_NAME_SCRIPT),
    }

    owner = models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL,
                              on_delete=models.PROTECT,
                              related_name='user_function_group')
    name = models.CharField(null=False, blank=False, max_length=128)
    function = models.CharField(
        null=False, blank=False,
        # choices=FUNCTION_GROUP_CHOICES,
        choices=CHOICES,
        max_length=128,
        # default=FUNCTION_GROUP_CHOICES_DEFAULT
        default=TYPE_VALUE_SCRIPT
    )
    description = models.CharField(null=True, blank=True, max_length=128)
    members = models.ManyToManyField(User)
    User中没有直接可以获取到FunctionGroup
    但是貌似FunctionGroup中有间接的user_function_group，或许可以获取到？
    去试试
    另外同时看到了：
    script_script中有：
    author_id
    history_id
    review_id
    好像都可以直接在：
    ScriptSerializer中直接用类似于：
    review = ReviewSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
    直接调用到别的serializer的感觉
    那或许author也可以
    然后author再去用user_function_group，找到function group？
    去试试：
    class UserFunctionGroupSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):

    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('id', 'username', 'name', 'user_function_group', 'is_active')
        read_only_fields = ('id', 'username', 'name', 'user_function_group', 'is_active')

from apps.user.serializers import UserFunctionGroupSerializer


class ScriptSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    author = serializers.CharField(source='author.username', read_only=True)
    # author = UserSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
    # joinedScriptGroup = ScriptFuctionGroup(many=False, read_only=True)
    authorObj = UserFunctionGroupSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
    结果
    没用。去加上source：
    authorObj = UserFunctionGroupSerializer(source='author', many=False, read_only=True)
    结果：
    是可以获得group数据了：
    但是很明显：
    只有group的id，缺少我们要的group的name，且没有完全排除掉 非script的function group
    所以还要去想办法，自定义
    试试：
    class ScriptFuctionGroup(serializers.RelatedField):
    def to_representation(self, value):
        logger.info("ScriptFuctionGroup to_representation: self=%s, value=%s", self, value)
        # find current script author joined script function group
        return {
            "groupId": "",
            "groupName": "",
        }

class UserFunctionGroupSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    user_function_group = ScriptFuctionGroup(many=False, read_only=True)

    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('id', 'username', 'name', 'user_function_group', 'is_active')
        read_only_fields = ('id', 'username', 'name', 'user_function_group', 'is_active')
    能否运行到to_representation
    前端显示的效果是：
    表示执行到了，所以去看Django的log
    INFO|20180802 11:34:03|serializers:to_representation:27|ScriptFuctionGroup to_representation: self=ScriptFuctionGroup(read_only=True), value=user.FunctionGroup.None
    value不是我们以为的之前的function group的id的list：
    [4,3]
    而是None
    django serializer Custom fields
    python – Django Rest Framework – How to add custom field in ModelSerializer – Stack Overflow
    去试试serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    class UserFunctionGroupSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    # user_function_group = ScriptFuctionGroup(many=False, read_only=True)
    # user_function_group = FunctionGroupSimpleSerializer(many=True, read_only=True)
    user_function_group = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('id', 'username', 'name', 'user_function_group', 'is_active')
        read_only_fields = ('id', 'username', 'name', 'user_function_group', 'is_active')

    def get_user_function_group(self, obj):
        logger.info("ScriptFuctionGroup to_representation: self=%s, obj=%s", self, obj)

        return {
            "groupId": obj,
        }
    结果：
    还是不行。
    后来试了：
    # class ScriptFuctionGroup(serializers.RelatedField):
#     def to_representation(self, value):
#         logger.info("ScriptFuctionGroup to_representation: self=%s, value=%s", self, value)
#         # find current script author joined script function group
#         return {
#             "groupId": "",
#             "groupName": "",
#         }

class ScriptSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    author = serializers.CharField(source='author.username', read_only=True)
    # author = UserSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
    # joinedScriptGroup = ScriptFuctionGroup(many=False, read_only=True)
    authorObj = UserFunctionGroupSerializer(source='author', many=False, read_only=True)
    topic = serializers.CharField(source='topic.name', read_only=False)
    second_level_topic = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    publish_status = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    edit_status = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    review = ReviewSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
    dialog_count = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    class Meta:
        model = Script
        fields = ('id', 'place', 'title', 'topic', 'second_level_topic',
                  'age_start', 'version', 'age_end', 'author',
                   'authorObj',
                  'publish_status', 'edit_status', 'review', 'dialog_count',
                  'created_at', 'updated_at')
        read_only_fields = ('id', 'version', 'publish_status', 'edit_status',
                            'authorObj',
                            'created_at', 'updated_at')

    def get_publish_status(self, obj):
        return obj.get_publish_status_display()

    def get_edit_status(self, obj):
        return obj.get_edit_status_display()

    def get_dialog_count(self, obj):
        return obj.script_dialogs.all().count()

    def get_second_level_topic(self, obj):
        if obj.second_level_topic_id:
            return obj.second_level_topic.name
        else:
            return ''


class FunctionGroupSimpleSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    function = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    class Meta:
        model = FunctionGroup
        fields = ('id', 'name', 'function')
        read_only_fields = ('id', 'name', 'function')

    def get_function(self, obj):
        return obj.get_function_display()

class UserFunctionGroupSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    # user_function_group = ScriptFuctionGroup(many=False, read_only=True)
    # user_function_group = FunctionGroupSimpleSerializer(source="user_function_group", many=True, read_only=True)
    user_function_group = FunctionGroupSimpleSerializer(many=True, read_only=True)
    # user_function_group = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    class Meta:
        model = User
        fields = ('id', 'username', 'name', 'user_function_group', 'is_active')
        read_only_fields = ('id', 'username', 'name', 'user_function_group', 'is_active')

    # def get_user_function_group(self, obj):
    #     logger.info("UserFunctionGroupSerializer get_user_function_group: self=%s, obj=%s", self, obj)
    #     functionGroupIdList = obj.user_function_group
    #     logger.info("functionGroupIdList=%s", functionGroupIdList)

    #     return {
    #         "groupId": functionGroupIdList,
    #     }
    可以得到我们要的多个group了：
    但是别的账号，却找不到user_function_group
    所以还是有问题。
    Serializer fields – Django REST framework
    期间，遇到：
    【已解决】Django中查询model中字段是数组对象出错：django.core.exceptions.FieldError: Related Field got invalid lookup: contains
    【总结】
    至此，是通过序列化Script中author的字段，单独去处理，解析和获取对应的所加入的script的fucntion group，去实现找到对应的一个剧本的作者所加入的（唯一的一个）剧本组：
    # class ScriptFuctionGroup(serializers.RelatedField):
class ScriptFuctionGroup(serializers.Field):
    def to_representation(self, value):
        logger.info("ScriptFuctionGroup to_representation: self=%s, value=%s", self, value)
        # find current script author joined script function group
        curUser = value
        logger.info("curUser=%s", curUser)
        # joinedScriptGroup = FunctionGroup.objects.get(members__contains=curUser, function=FunctionGroup.TYPE_VALUE_SCRIPT)
        joinedScriptGroup = FunctionGroup.objects.get(members__id=curUser.id, function=FunctionGroup.TYPE_VALUE_SCRIPT)
        logger.info("joinedScriptGroup=%s", joinedScriptGroup)
        return {
            "groupId": joinedScriptGroup.id,
            "groupName": joinedScriptGroup.name,
        }

class ScriptSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    author = serializers.CharField(source='author.username', read_only=True)
    # author = UserSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
    # authorObj = UserFunctionGroupSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
    joinedScriptGroup = ScriptFuctionGroup(source='author')
    # joinedScriptGroup = ScriptFuctionGroup(many=False, read_only=True)
    # authorObj = UserFunctionGroupSerializer(source='author', many=False, read_only=True)
    topic = serializers.CharField(source='topic.name', read_only=False)
    second_level_topic = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    publish_status = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    edit_status = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
    review = ReviewSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
    dialog_count = serializers.SerializerMethodField()

    class Meta:
        model = Script
        fields = ('id', 'place', 'title', 'topic', 'second_level_topic',
                  'age_start', 'version', 'age_end', 'author',
                #    'authorObj',
                    'joinedScriptGroup',
                  'publish_status', 'edit_status', 'review', 'dialog_count',
                  'created_at', 'updated_at')
        read_only_fields = ('id', 'version', 'publish_status', 'edit_status',
                            # 'authorObj',
                            'joinedScriptGroup',
                            'created_at', 'updated_at')

    def get_publish_status(self, obj):
        return obj.get_publish_status_display()

    def get_edit_status(self, obj):
        return obj.get_edit_status_display()

    def get_dialog_count(self, obj):
        return obj.script_dialogs.all().count()

    def get_second_level_topic(self, obj):
        if obj.second_level_topic_id:
            return obj.second_level_topic.name
        else:
            return ''
    从而使得前端返回的script中，可以有多余的字段能保存当前作者已加入的功能组：

    转载请注明：在路上 » 【已解决】Django的Serializer中如何序列化Script中的Author的Function Group

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