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    【已解决】Django的Serializer中如何序列化Script中的Author的Function Group

    Django crifan 1049浏览 0评论
    折腾：
    【未解决】剧本编写系统中优化全部剧本列表页
    期间，想要给当前：
    添加一列 剧本组，结果发现还有点点麻烦：
    因为此处从后台返回的数据中：
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            serializer = ScriptSerializer(queryset, many=True)
            logger.info("serializer=%s", serializer)
            serializedData = serializer.data
            logger.info("serializedData=%s", serializedData)
     
            respData = None
            if page is not None:
                respData = self.get_paginated_response(serializedData)
            else:
                respData = Response(serializedData)
     
            logger.info("respData=%s", respData)
            return respData
    是通过ScriptSerializer：
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    class ScriptSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        author = serializers.CharField(source='author.username', read_only=True)
        topic = serializers.CharField(source='topic.name', read_only=False)
        second_level_topic = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
        publish_status = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
        edit_status = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
        review = ReviewSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
        dialog_count = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
     
        class Meta:
            model = Script
            fields = ('id', 'place', 'title', 'topic', 'second_level_topic',
                      'age_start', 'version', 'age_end', 'author',
                      'publish_status', 'edit_status', 'review', 'dialog_count',
                      'created_at', 'updated_at')
    很明显，其中只有author的名字，而没有author所在的script的function group
    需要去加上这个字段，才可以返回给前端。
    而参考：
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    review = ReviewSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
     
    class ReviewSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        reviewer = serializers.CharField(source='reviewer.username',
                                         read_only=True)
        result = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
     
        class Meta:
            model = Review
            fields = ('id', 'reviewer', 'remark', 'result')
            read_only_fields = ('id', 'created_at', 'updated_at')
     
        def get_result(self, obj):
            return obj.get_result_display()
    好像是可以通过把author去改为：
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    author = UserSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
     
    class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
     
        class Meta:
            model = User
            fields = ('id', 'mobile_phone_number', 'email', 'password', 'username',
                      'name', 'is_superuser', 'is_active', 'date_joined')
            read_only_fields = ('id', 'is_superuser', 'date_joined')
            extra_kwargs = {'password': {'write_only': True}}
    但是发现此处的user，并不能很好的找到其所加入的scritp function group
    Serializer relations – Django REST framework
    貌似可以用其中的自定义的RelatedField去实现：
    从script的author找到其是否有加入script的function group，然后返回对应的group的id和name
    结果试了半天：
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    class ScriptFuctionGroup(serializers.RelatedField):
        def to_representation(self, value):
            logger.info("ScriptFuctionGroup to_representation: self=%s, value=%s", self, value)
            # find current script author joined script function group
            return {
                "groupId": "",
                "groupName": "",
            }
     
    class ScriptSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        author = serializers.CharField(source='author.username', read_only=True)
        # author = UserSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
        joinedScriptGroup = ScriptFuctionGroup(many=False, read_only=True)
    不起效果：to_representation都运行不到。
    但是对于ScriptFuctionGroup倒是可以看到的：
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    INFO|20180802 11:08:12|views:list:150|after ScriptSerializer serializer=ScriptSerializer(<QuerySet [<Script: 儿歌>, <Script: 儿歌>, <Script: 儿歌>, <Script: 1>, <Script: 1>, <Script: 1>, <Script: wer>]>, many=True):
        id = UUIDField(read_only=True)
        place = CharField(max_length=128)
        title = CharField(max_length=128)
        topic = CharField(read_only=False, source='topic.name')
        second_level_topic = SerializerMethodField()
        age_start = IntegerField(max_value=2147483647, min_value=-2147483648, required=False)
        version = IntegerField(read_only=True)
        age_end = IntegerField(max_value=2147483647, min_value=-2147483648, required=False)
        author = CharField(read_only=True, source='author.username')
        joinedScriptGroup = ScriptFuctionGroup(read_only=True)
        publish_status = SerializerMethodField()
        edit_status = SerializerMethodField()
        review = ReviewSerializer(read_only=True):
            id = UUIDField(read_only=True)
            reviewer = CharField(read_only=True, source='reviewer.username')
            remark = CharField(style={'base_template': 'textarea.html'})
            result = SerializerMethodField()
        dialog_count = SerializerMethodField()
        created_at = DateTimeField(read_only=True)
        updated_at = DateTimeField(read_only=True)
    而此处看到：
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    class User(AbstractUser):
        id = models.UUIDField(primary_key=True, default=uuid.uuid4, editable=False)
        is_active = models.BooleanField(default=False)
        name = models.CharField(blank=True, max_length=128)
        mobile_phone_number = models.CharField(blank=False, null=False,
                                               max_length=11, unique=True)
     
    class FunctionGroup(TimestampedModel):
        TYPE_VALUE_ADMIN = "0"
        TYPE_VALUE_SCRIPT = "1"
        TYPE_NAME_ADMIN = "admin_function_group"
        TYPE_NAME_SCRIPT = "script_function_group"
     
        CHOICES = {
            (TYPE_VALUE_ADMIN, TYPE_NAME_ADMIN),
            (TYPE_VALUE_SCRIPT, TYPE_NAME_SCRIPT),
        }
     
        owner = models.ForeignKey(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL,
                                  on_delete=models.PROTECT,
                                  related_name='user_function_group')
        name = models.CharField(null=False, blank=False, max_length=128)
        function = models.CharField(
            null=False, blank=False,
            # choices=FUNCTION_GROUP_CHOICES,
            choices=CHOICES,
            max_length=128,
            # default=FUNCTION_GROUP_CHOICES_DEFAULT
            default=TYPE_VALUE_SCRIPT
        )
        description = models.CharField(null=True, blank=True, max_length=128)
        members = models.ManyToManyField(User)
    User中没有直接可以获取到FunctionGroup
    但是貌似FunctionGroup中有间接的user_function_group，或许可以获取到？
    去试试
    另外同时看到了：
    script_script中有：
    author_id
    history_id
    review_id
    好像都可以直接在：
    ScriptSerializer中直接用类似于：
    review = ReviewSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
    直接调用到别的serializer的感觉
    那或许author也可以
    然后author再去用user_function_group，找到function group？
    去试试：
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    class UserFunctionGroupSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
     
        class Meta:
            model = User
            fields = ('id', 'username', 'name', 'user_function_group', 'is_active')
            read_only_fields = ('id', 'username', 'name', 'user_function_group', 'is_active')
     
    from apps.user.serializers import UserFunctionGroupSerializer
     
     
    class ScriptSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        author = serializers.CharField(source='author.username', read_only=True)
        # author = UserSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
        # joinedScriptGroup = ScriptFuctionGroup(many=False, read_only=True)
        authorObj = UserFunctionGroupSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
    结果
    没用。去加上source：
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    authorObj = UserFunctionGroupSerializer(source='author', many=False, read_only=True)
    结果：
    是可以获得group数据了：
    但是很明显：
    只有group的id，缺少我们要的group的name，且没有完全排除掉 非script的function group
    所以还要去想办法，自定义
    试试：
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    class ScriptFuctionGroup(serializers.RelatedField):
        def to_representation(self, value):
            logger.info("ScriptFuctionGroup to_representation: self=%s, value=%s", self, value)
            # find current script author joined script function group
            return {
                "groupId": "",
                "groupName": "",
            }
     
    class UserFunctionGroupSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        user_function_group = ScriptFuctionGroup(many=False, read_only=True)
     
        class Meta:
            model = User
            fields = ('id', 'username', 'name', 'user_function_group', 'is_active')
            read_only_fields = ('id', 'username', 'name', 'user_function_group', 'is_active')
    能否运行到to_representation
    前端显示的效果是：
    表示执行到了，所以去看Django的log
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    INFO|20180802 11:34:03|serializers:to_representation:27|ScriptFuctionGroup to_representation: self=ScriptFuctionGroup(read_only=True), value=user.FunctionGroup.None
    value不是我们以为的之前的function group的id的list：
    [4,3]
    而是None
    django serializer Custom fields
    python – Django Rest Framework – How to add custom field in ModelSerializer – Stack Overflow
    去试试serializers.SerializerMethodField()
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    class UserFunctionGroupSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        # user_function_group = ScriptFuctionGroup(many=False, read_only=True)
        # user_function_group = FunctionGroupSimpleSerializer(many=True, read_only=True)
        user_function_group = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
     
        class Meta:
            model = User
            fields = ('id', 'username', 'name', 'user_function_group', 'is_active')
            read_only_fields = ('id', 'username', 'name', 'user_function_group', 'is_active')
     
        def get_user_function_group(self, obj):
            logger.info("ScriptFuctionGroup to_representation: self=%s, obj=%s", self, obj)
     
            return {
                "groupId": obj,
            }
    结果：
    还是不行。
    后来试了：
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    # class ScriptFuctionGroup(serializers.RelatedField):
    #     def to_representation(self, value):
    #         logger.info("ScriptFuctionGroup to_representation: self=%s, value=%s", self, value)
    #         # find current script author joined script function group
    #         return {
    #             "groupId": "",
    #             "groupName": "",
    #         }
     
    class ScriptSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        author = serializers.CharField(source='author.username', read_only=True)
        # author = UserSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
        # joinedScriptGroup = ScriptFuctionGroup(many=False, read_only=True)
        authorObj = UserFunctionGroupSerializer(source='author', many=False, read_only=True)
        topic = serializers.CharField(source='topic.name', read_only=False)
        second_level_topic = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
        publish_status = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
        edit_status = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
        review = ReviewSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
        dialog_count = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
     
        class Meta:
            model = Script
            fields = ('id', 'place', 'title', 'topic', 'second_level_topic',
                      'age_start', 'version', 'age_end', 'author',
                       'authorObj',
                      'publish_status', 'edit_status', 'review', 'dialog_count',
                      'created_at', 'updated_at')
            read_only_fields = ('id', 'version', 'publish_status', 'edit_status',
                                'authorObj',
                                'created_at', 'updated_at')
     
        def get_publish_status(self, obj):
            return obj.get_publish_status_display()
     
        def get_edit_status(self, obj):
            return obj.get_edit_status_display()
     
        def get_dialog_count(self, obj):
            return obj.script_dialogs.all().count()
     
        def get_second_level_topic(self, obj):
            if obj.second_level_topic_id:
                return obj.second_level_topic.name
            else:
                return ''
     
     
    class FunctionGroupSimpleSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        function = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
     
        class Meta:
            model = FunctionGroup
            fields = ('id', 'name', 'function')
            read_only_fields = ('id', 'name', 'function')
     
        def get_function(self, obj):
            return obj.get_function_display()
     
    class UserFunctionGroupSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        # user_function_group = ScriptFuctionGroup(many=False, read_only=True)
        # user_function_group = FunctionGroupSimpleSerializer(source="user_function_group", many=True, read_only=True)
        user_function_group = FunctionGroupSimpleSerializer(many=True, read_only=True)
        # user_function_group = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
     
        class Meta:
            model = User
            fields = ('id', 'username', 'name', 'user_function_group', 'is_active')
            read_only_fields = ('id', 'username', 'name', 'user_function_group', 'is_active')
     
        # def get_user_function_group(self, obj):
        #     logger.info("UserFunctionGroupSerializer get_user_function_group: self=%s, obj=%s", self, obj)
        #     functionGroupIdList = obj.user_function_group
        #     logger.info("functionGroupIdList=%s", functionGroupIdList)
     
        #     return {
        #         "groupId": functionGroupIdList,
        #     }
    可以得到我们要的多个group了：
    但是别的账号，却找不到user_function_group
    所以还是有问题。
    Serializer fields – Django REST framework
    期间，遇到：
    【已解决】Django中查询model中字段是数组对象出错：django.core.exceptions.FieldError: Related Field got invalid lookup: contains
    【总结】
    至此，是通过序列化Script中author的字段，单独去处理，解析和获取对应的所加入的script的fucntion group，去实现找到对应的一个剧本的作者所加入的（唯一的一个）剧本组：
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    # class ScriptFuctionGroup(serializers.RelatedField):
    class ScriptFuctionGroup(serializers.Field):
        def to_representation(self, value):
            logger.info("ScriptFuctionGroup to_representation: self=%s, value=%s", self, value)
            # find current script author joined script function group
            curUser = value
            logger.info("curUser=%s", curUser)
            # joinedScriptGroup = FunctionGroup.objects.get(members__contains=curUser, function=FunctionGroup.TYPE_VALUE_SCRIPT)
            joinedScriptGroup = FunctionGroup.objects.get(members__id=curUser.id, function=FunctionGroup.TYPE_VALUE_SCRIPT)
            logger.info("joinedScriptGroup=%s", joinedScriptGroup)
            return {
                "groupId": joinedScriptGroup.id,
                "groupName": joinedScriptGroup.name,
            }
     
    class ScriptSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        author = serializers.CharField(source='author.username', read_only=True)
        # author = UserSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
        # authorObj = UserFunctionGroupSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
        joinedScriptGroup = ScriptFuctionGroup(source='author')
        # joinedScriptGroup = ScriptFuctionGroup(many=False, read_only=True)
        # authorObj = UserFunctionGroupSerializer(source='author', many=False, read_only=True)
        topic = serializers.CharField(source='topic.name', read_only=False)
        second_level_topic = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
        publish_status = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
        edit_status = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
        review = ReviewSerializer(many=False, read_only=True)
        dialog_count = serializers.SerializerMethodField()
     
        class Meta:
            model = Script
            fields = ('id', 'place', 'title', 'topic', 'second_level_topic',
                      'age_start', 'version', 'age_end', 'author',
                    #    'authorObj',
                        'joinedScriptGroup',
                      'publish_status', 'edit_status', 'review', 'dialog_count',
                      'created_at', 'updated_at')
            read_only_fields = ('id', 'version', 'publish_status', 'edit_status',
                                # 'authorObj',
                                'joinedScriptGroup',
                                'created_at', 'updated_at')
     
        def get_publish_status(self, obj):
            return obj.get_publish_status_display()
     
        def get_edit_status(self, obj):
            return obj.get_edit_status_display()
     
        def get_dialog_count(self, obj):
            return obj.script_dialogs.all().count()
     
        def get_second_level_topic(self, obj):
            if obj.second_level_topic_id:
                return obj.second_level_topic.name
            else:
                return ''
    从而使得前端返回的script中，可以有多余的字段能保存当前作者已加入的功能组：

    转载请注明：在路上 » 【已解决】Django的Serializer中如何序列化Script中的Author的Function Group

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