折腾：
【未解决】本地搭建和部署运行Django项目
期间，Ubuntu中升级了pip3后，去运行pip3，结果报错：
# pip3 install pipenv Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pip3", line 9, in <module> from pip import main ImportError: cannot import name 'main'
去看看：
# cat /usr/bin/pip3 #!/usr/bin/python3 # GENERATED BY DEBIAN import sys # Run the main entry point, similarly to how setuptools does it, but because # we didn't install the actual entry point from setup.py, don't use the # pkg_resources API. from pip import main if __name__ == '__main__': sys.exit(main()) # ll /usr/bin/python3 lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 Oct 26 2016 /usr/bin/python3 -> python3.5*
结果：
ubuntu python ImportError: cannot import name ‘main’
# which pip3 /usr/local/bin/pip3
然后发现：
root@VM-158-80-ubuntu:~/xxx/xxx-backend# ll /usr/local/bin/pip pip pip3 pip3.5 root@VM-158-80-ubuntu:~/xxx/xxx-backend# ll /usr/local/bin/pip* -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 215 Jun 11 21:03 /usr/local/bin/pip* -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 215 Jun 11 21:03 /usr/local/bin/pip3* -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 215 Jun 11 21:03 /usr/local/bin/pip3.5* root@VM-158-80-ubuntu:~/xxx/xxx-backend# cat /usr/local/bin/pip3 #!/usr/bin/python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import re import sys from pip._internal import main if __name__ == '__main__': sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0]) sys.exit(main())
就不一样。
那就先去试试这个local bin下面的pip3能否用：
# /usr/local/bin/pip3 install pipenv Collecting pipenv Downloading https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/13/b4/3ffa55f77161cff9a5220f162670f7c5eb00df52e00939e203f601b0f579/pipenv-2018.11.26-py3-none-any.whl (5.2MB) |██████████████ | 2.3MB 73kB/s eta 0:00:40
说明是可以的。
-》那就采用这个写法。
把之前的
/usr/bin/pip3
换成：
/usr/local/bin/pip3
-》不过，突然想到，应该去改PATH路径，更靠谱
# echo $PATH /usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/snap/bin
已经是：
/usr/local/bin
在
/usr/bin
之前了啊，
估计是当前shell问题？
断开ssh连接，重新ssh登录，结果再去
# pip3 install pipenv Requirement already satisfied: pipenv in /usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages (2018.11.26) Requirement already satisfied: certifi in /usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages (from pipenv) (2019.3.9) Requirement already satisfied: pip>=9.0.1 in /usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages (from pipenv) (19.1.1) Requirement already satisfied: virtualenv in /usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages (from pipenv) (16.6.0) Requirement already satisfied: virtualenv-clone>=0.2.5 in /usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages (from pipenv) (0.5.3) Requirement already satisfied: setuptools>=36.2.1 in /usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages (from pipenv) (41.0.1)
没有报错。说明安装成功了。
说明前面错误没了。
那再去随便安装一个其他的库试试pip3是否正常了。
不够想起来直接去加上路径，即可测试是否工作：
# /usr/bin/pip3 --version Traceback (most recent call last): File "/usr/bin/pip3", line 9, in <module> from pip import main ImportError: cannot import name 'main'
说明旧的还是有问题。
但是此处已经由PATH决定，用的pip3的是正常的了。
【总结】
Ubuntu中，从旧版本pip3升级到最新版后，去用pip3会报错：
ImportError: cannot import name 'main'
原因：
当前shell中环境还是旧的
-》虽然用which去找，的确是最新版本了
# which pip3 /usr/local/bin/pip3
但是实际上调用的还是旧的版本，从而报错。
解决办法：
关闭当前shell
-》此处是通过SecureCRT的ssh远程登录到Ubuntu，则是关闭连接，重新打开连接即可。
附录：
新版本pip3：
# cat /usr/local/bin/pip3 #!/usr/bin/python3 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- import re import sys from pip._internal import main if __name__ == '__main__': sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0]) sys.exit(main())
旧版本pip3：
# cat /usr/bin/pip3 #!/usr/bin/python3 # GENERATED BY DEBIAN import sys # Run the main entry point, similarly to how setuptools does it, but because # we didn't install the actual entry point from setup.py, don't use the # pkg_resources API. from pip import main if __name__ == '__main__': sys.exit(main())
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