Python中的Cookie相关的库

Python中有自带的模块：cookielib

可以处理cookie相关的很多事情。

包括

• 自动处理cookie：cookie数据是保存在内存中
• 自动处理cookie：支持Cookie数据存放到文件中
• 其中有两种格式：
• LWP
• Mozilla
• 进一步，再支持：
• 将cookie存到文件里面
• 从文件中载入cookie

更多详细格式和解释，请直接看下面的代码。

Python中自动处理Cookie，将Cookie保存到文件，从文件中读取Cookie

Python代码：

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""
Function:   【整理】Python中Cookie的处理：自动处理Cookie，保存为Cookie文件，从文件载入Cookie
            https://www.crifan.com/python_auto_handle_cookie_and_save_to_from_cookie_file

Version:    2013-01-15
Author:     Crifan
Contact:    admin (at) crifan.com
"""

import os;
import cookielib;
import urllib2;

def pythonAutoHandleCookie():
    """
        Demo how to auto handle cookie in Python
            cookies in memory
            cookies in file:
                save cookie to file
                    LWP     format
                    Mozilla format
                load cookie from file
    """

    print "1. Demo how to auto handle cookie (in memory)";
    cookieJarInMemory = cookielib.CookieJar();
    opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookieJarInMemory));
    urllib2.install_opener(opener);
    print "after init, cookieJarInMemory=",cookieJarInMemory; #after init, cookieJarInMemory= <cookielib.CookieJar[]>
    #!!! following urllib2 will auto handle cookies
    demoUrl = "http://www.google.com/";
    response = urllib2.urlopen(demoUrl);
    #here, we already got response cookies
    print "after urllib2.urlopen, cookieJarInMemory=",cookieJarInMemory;
    #after urllib2.urlopen, cookieJarInMemory= <cookielib.CookieJar[<Cookie PREF=ID=1e5d4d8621e61210:FF=0:NW=1:TM=1358235182:LM=1358235182:S=B-ONJ1lsQj5ARTEO for .google.com/>, <Cookie NID=67=lIY7YlPSrtQy4pHX_u8SrMAoG8-LXp8blElxXXfahe2ES3TVHzpaT3aejzaltwXetiE7TO7HrVwQCCe69tTh5K7Y5WyP8bvSZF20Myn1dcG7C780DNEeiT_QB0NeB4cR for .google.com.hk/>, <Cookie PREF=ID=4501e3b1f4a952b6:U=535aadd0e6b1070b:FF=2:LD=zh-CN:NW=1:TM=1358235182:LM=1358235182:S=Az7ZVYebAECtSKXd for .google.com.hk/>]>
    
    
    print "2. Demo how to auto handle cookie in file, LWP format";
    cookieFilenameLWP = "localCookiesLWP.txt";
    cookieJarFileLWP = cookielib.LWPCookieJar(cookieFilenameLWP);
    #will create (and save to) new cookie file
    cookieJarFileLWP.save();
    opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookieJarFileLWP));
    urllib2.install_opener(opener);
    #!!! following urllib2 will auto handle cookies
    demoUrl = "http://www.google.com/";
    response = urllib2.urlopen(demoUrl);
    #update cookies, save cookies into file
    cookieJarFileLWP.save();
    #for demo, print cookies in file
    print "LWP cookies:";
    print open(cookieFilenameLWP).read(os.path.getsize(cookieFilenameLWP));
    # #LWP-Cookies-2.0
    # Set-Cookie3: PREF="ID=34c1415b570a93ae:FF=0:NW=1:TM=1358236121:LM=1358236121:S=gEVVojW4x37ht5n-"; path="/"; domain=".google.com"; path_spec; domain_dot; expires="2015-01-15 07:48:41Z"; version=0
    # Set-Cookie3: NID="67=JI_uEwUm5GDrQ_vCwAp2z_YGU7MdLm5CLMa4CNLF7RQuTDMzrrk1EjRddGcnpoFbht81LaV9spxZQQInf0mPS6lDrvcRqBBL5NOTmy8SwOzA6HWC3iTIo4-o3fO1Udkv"; path="/"; domain=".google.com.hk"; path_spec; domain_dot; expires="2013-07-17 07:48:41Z"; HttpOnly=None; version=0
    # Set-Cookie3: PREF="ID=8f7e4efca89bdb1b:U=f85a4afa4db021aa:FF=2:LD=zh-CN:NW=1:TM=1358236121:LM=1358236121:S=2WR59hDWutdnUJtF"; path="/"; domain=".google.com.hk"; path_spec; domain_dot; expires="2015-01-15 07:48:41Z"; version=0

    print "3. Demo how to auto handle cookie in file, Mozilla Format";
    cookieFilenameMozilla = "localCookiesMozilla.txt";
    cookieJarFileMozilla = cookielib.MozillaCookieJar(cookieFilenameMozilla);
    #will create (and save to) new cookie file
    cookieJarFileMozilla.save();
    opener = urllib2.build_opener(urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor(cookieJarFileMozilla));
    urllib2.install_opener(opener);
    #!!! following urllib2 will auto handle cookies
    demoUrl = "http://www.google.com/";
    response = urllib2.urlopen(demoUrl);
    #update cookies, save cookies into file
    cookieJarFileMozilla.save();
    #for demo, print cookies in file
    print "Mozilla cookies:";
    print open(cookieFilenameMozilla).read(os.path.getsize(cookieFilenameMozilla));
    # # Netscape HTTP Cookie File
    # # http://www.netscape.com/newsref/std/cookie_spec.html
    # # This is a generated file!  Do not edit.

    # .google.com	TRUE	/	FALSE	1421308121	PREF	ID=0e05040dd979207c:FF=0:NW=1:TM=1358236121:LM=1358236121:S=jcFid2XgXMIhPUPl
    # .google.com.hk	TRUE	/	FALSE	1374047321	NID	67=klMI_Z5ZPWDjUYrWSUHIE_kYI77_ziJaL0kWRoUGThagME86LKY7H-MNa2wAMI_GklIwYcD8t82qPinxzLd4GLDbmWT0OVLCXhRj0wQDC57dTNAsTs4lhVR7Yjvj2tfn
    # .google.com.hk	TRUE	/	FALSE	1421308121	PREF	ID=028f8b736db06a9a:U=6ba6d080847c8de6:FF=2:LD=zh-CN:NW=1:TM=1358236121:LM=1358236121:S=_1BcC5v3G0ZojVz8
    
    print "4. read cookies from file";
    parseAndSavedCookieFile = "parsedAndSavedCookies.txt"
    parsedCookieJarFile = cookielib.MozillaCookieJar(parseAndSavedCookieFile);
    #parsedCookieJarFile = cookielib.MozillaCookieJar(cookieFilenameMozilla);
    print parsedCookieJarFile; #<_MozillaCookieJar.MozillaCookieJar[]>
    parsedCookieJarFile.load(cookieFilenameMozilla);
    print parsedCookieJarFile; #<_MozillaCookieJar.MozillaCookieJar[<Cookie PREF=ID=5add236cafeb990c:FF=0:NW=1:TM=1358236707:LM=1358236707:S=9lhhp0W0zTCj8FVn for .google.com/>, <Cookie NID=67=Kx0fU67poTRN-ECBA_2zqr9KIUSP5a6DcGUefbD5R0ILsRAYSa109mAYIEF69LS40-UPrECtu756mH2nlz8mVneCVzANWfY7eFkmvQkeFVPGh9D58QYAeiFrUMed_OZB for .google.com.hk/>, <Cookie PREF=ID=442b8f2173d4249e:U=d01eca1334179f67:FF=2:LD=zh-CN:NW=1:TM=1358236707:LM=1358236707:S=_WQ1abARwIb5Crdj for .google.com.hk/>]>

    
if __name__=="__main__":
    pythonAutoHandleCookie();

总结

Python中的cookie的自动处理，比C#好多了。

至少有已有的库可供使用。虽然用法上，需要稍微多多了解后，才知道如何使用的。

更多的解释，可参考官方手册：

cookielib — Cookie handling for HTTP clients

比如其中的revert等函数，需要用到的时候，应该会觉得蛮好用的。

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