【问题】
python的程序，打包成了exe：
BlogsToWordpress_v16.9_2013-03-11_noGUI_windows.exe
别人运行，结果出错：
win7 運行exe程序，出現以下提示：請問什麼原因？ C:\>blogsto Traceback (most recent call last): File "", line 12, in File "D:\tmp\tmp_dev_root\python\tutorial_summary\make_exe\pyinstaller-2.0\PyInstaller\loader\iu.py", line 386, in importHook File "D:\tmp\tmp_dev_root\python\tutorial_summary\make_exe\pyinstaller-2.0\PyInstaller\loader\iu.py", line 480, in doimport File "D:\tmp\tmp_dev_root\python\tutorial_summary\make_exe\pyinstaller-2.0\BlogsToWordpress\build\pyi.win32\BlogsToWordpress\out00-PYZ.pyz\PIL.PalmImagePlugin ", line 92, in File "D:\tmp\tmp_dev_root\python\tutorial_summary\make_exe\pyinstaller-2.0\BlogsToWordpress\build\pyi.win32\BlogsToWordpress\out00-PYZ.pyz\PIL.PalmImagePlugin ", line 82, in build_prototype_image File "D:\tmp\tmp_dev_root\python\tutorial_summary\make_exe\pyinstaller-2.0\BlogsToWordpress\build\pyi.win32\BlogsToWordpress\out00-PYZ.pyz\PIL.Image", line 17 63, in new File "D:\tmp\tmp_dev_root\python\tutorial_summary\make_exe\pyinstaller-2.0\BlogsToWordpress\build\pyi.win32\BlogsToWordpress\out00-PYZ.pyz\PIL.Image", line 37 , in __getattr__ ImportError: The _imaging C module is not installed |
【解决过程】
1.去查了查之前通过PyInstaller打包exe时：
【记录】用PyInstaller把Python代码打包成单个独立的exe可执行文件
所生成的警告文件：
pyinstaller-2.0\BlogsToWordpress\build\pyi.win32\BlogsToWordpress\warnBlogsToWordpress.txt
内容，是：
W: no module named org (delayed import by xml.sax) W: no module named cl (delayed, conditional import by aifc) W: no module named pwd (delayed, conditional import by posixpath) W: no module named org (top-level import by pickle) W: no module named Carbon (delayed import by plistlib) W: no module named posix (delayed, conditional import by __main__) W: no module named iconv_codec (top-level import by BeautifulSoup) W: no module named fcntl (conditional import by subprocess) W: no module named MacOS (delayed import by platform) W: no module named readline (delayed import by pdb) W: no module named AES (delayed, conditional import by archive) W: no module named _scproxy (conditional import by urllib) W: no module named pwd (delayed import by getpass) W: no module named posix (delayed, conditional import by iu) W: no module named EasyDialogs (conditional import by getpass) W: no module named termios (top-level import by getpass) W: no module named gestalt (delayed import by platform) W: no module named org (top-level import by copy) W: no module named _imaging_gif (top-level import by PIL.GifImagePlugin) W: no module named fcntl (top-level import by tempfile) W: no module named cjkcodecs (top-level import by BeautifulSoup) W: no module named readline (delayed, conditional import by cmd) W: no module named java (delayed import by platform) W: no module named cl (delayed import by aifc) W: no module named xmlparse (top-level import by pyexpat) W: no module named xmltok (top-level import by pyexpat) W: no module named java (conditional import by xml.sax._exceptions) W: no module named _emx_link (conditional import by os) W: no module named posix (conditional import by os) W: no module named ICCProfile (delayed, conditional import by PIL.PngImagePlugin) W: no module named rourl2path (conditional import by urllib) W: no module named vms_lib (delayed, conditional import by platform) W: no module named SOCKS (top-level import by ftplib) W: no module named _xmlplus (top-level import by xml) W: no module named Crypt (delayed, conditional import by __main__) W: no module named AES (delayed, conditional import by __main__) W: delayed exec statement detected at line 0 – bdb (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\bdb.pyc) W: delayed eval hack detected at line 0 – bdb (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\bdb.pyc) W: delayed eval hack detected at line 0 – bdb (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\bdb.pyc) W: delayed __import__ hack detected at line 0 – optparse (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\optparse.pyc) W: delayed __import__ hack detected at line 0 – PIL.Image (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\site-packages\PIL\Image.pyc) W: delayed conditional __import__ hack detected at line 0 – doctest (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\doctest.pyc) W: delayed exec statement detected at line 0 – doctest (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\doctest.pyc) W: delayed conditional __import__ hack detected at line 0 – doctest (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\doctest.pyc) W: __all__ is built strangely at line 0 – tokenize (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\tokenize.pyc) W: __all__ is built strangely at line 0 – tokenize (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\tokenize.pyc) W: delayed __import__ hack detected at line 0 – pickle (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\pickle.pyc) W: delayed __import__ hack detected at line 0 – pickle (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\pickle.pyc) W: delayed __import__ hack detected at line 0 – encodings (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\encodings\__init__.pyc) W: __all__ is built strangely at line 0 – dummy_threading (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\dummy_threading.pyc) W: __all__ is built strangely at line 0 – dis (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\dis.pyc) W: __all__ is built strangely at line 0 – hashlib (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\hashlib.pyc) W: delayed conditional eval hack detected at line 0 – warnings (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\warnings.pyc) W: delayed conditional __import__ hack detected at line 0 – warnings (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\warnings.pyc) W: delayed __import__ hack detected at line 0 – email (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\email\__init__.pyc) W: delayed exec statement detected at line 0 – pdb (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\pdb.pyc) W: delayed conditional eval hack detected at line 0 – pdb (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\pdb.pyc) W: delayed eval hack detected at line 0 – pdb (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\pdb.pyc) W: delayed conditional eval hack detected at line 0 – pdb (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\pdb.pyc) W: delayed eval hack detected at line 0 – pdb (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\pdb.pyc) W: delayed conditional exec statement detected at line 0 – iu (D:\tmp\tmp_dev_root\python\tutorial_summary\make_exe\pyinstaller-2.0\PyInstaller\loader\iu.pyc) W: delayed conditional exec statement detected at line 0 – iu (D:\tmp\tmp_dev_root\python\tutorial_summary\make_exe\pyinstaller-2.0\PyInstaller\loader\iu.pyc) W: __all__ is built strangely at line 0 – collections (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\collections.pyc) W: delayed exec statement detected at line 0 – collections (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\collections.pyc) W: delayed conditional __import__ hack detected at line 0 – unittest.main (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\unittest\main.pyc) W: delayed conditional __import__ hack detected at line 0 – unittest.loader (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\unittest\loader.pyc) W: delayed conditional __import__ hack detected at line 0 – unittest.loader (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\unittest\loader.pyc) W: delayed __import__ hack detected at line 0 – unittest.loader (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\unittest\loader.pyc) W: __all__ is built strangely at line 0 – __future__ (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\__future__.pyc) W: delayed __import__ hack detected at line 0 – xml.sax (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\xml\sax\__init__.pyc) W: delayed eval hack detected at line 0 – gettext (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\gettext.pyc) |
其中，就有几个和PIL相关的：
W: no module named _imaging_gif (top-level import by PIL.GifImagePlugin) W: delayed __import__ hack detected at line 0 – PIL.Image (D:\tmp\dev_install_root\Python27_x64\lib\site-packages\PIL\Image.pyc) |
不知道是不是和这个有关。
2.后来参考：
"The _imaging C module is not installed"
解释的比较清楚：
PIL中，包括两块：
- 一堆的Python库，放在PIL子文件夹下；
- 一个二进制扩展库，叫_imaging，此文件名，不同平台，名字不同：
- 比如有的是_imaging.pyd， _imaging.dll，_imaging.so等等
如果Python导入_imaging库失败，其他部分，其他的，大多数模块，都还是可以正常工作的。
还是可以通过PIL，去解析常见的各种图片的；
但是如果其中要用到了_imaging的话，则如果找不到，当然会出现ImportError了。
Windows平台下，对应的_imaging模块文件是：
_imaging.pyd（少数情况下，是_imaging.dll）
3.此处，由于不太清楚，别人的win7的环境具体如何，所以，也只能是试着找找能否找到错误原因了。
后来去：
\pyinstaller-2.0\BlogsToWordpress\build\pyi.win32\BlogsToWordpress\out00-Analysis.toc
中，找到了，对应的PIL和_imaging相关的部分：
(‘pyi_rth_PIL_Image’, ‘D:\\tmp\\tmp_dev_root\\python\\tutorial_summary\\make_exe\\pyinstaller-2.0\\support/rthooks/pyi_rth_PIL_Image.py’, ‘PYSOURCE’), (‘PIL._imaging’, ‘D:\\tmp\\dev_install_root\\Python27_x64\\lib\\site-packages\\PIL\\_imaging.pyd’, ‘EXTENSION’), |
所以，看起来，是PyInstaller打包exe时，已经集成了对应的库了。
所以，应该不存在，缺少了对应的PIL和_imaging库的问题。
4.后来参考：
The _imaging C module is not installed (on windows)
看起来像是：
我当前的系统是Win7 x64，
写的Python程序锁用到的PIL，也是对应的，编译好的x64的；
通过PyInstaller打包后，打包的，都是x64版本的Python，包括PIL（和_imaging)
别人，将此exe，放到其32位的win7上运行，导致无法正常使用，无法找到对应的
32位的PIL库，所以出错了。
如果是这样的话，那么就麻烦了：
需要我单独再次重新找个32位的win7，重新安装32位的PIL，然后再去重新打包为exe，然后拿到别人的32位的win7下，估计就可以了。
【总结】
总之，目前看起来，即使安装上述办法去解决，或许可以解决，但也还是比较麻烦的。
转载请注明：在路上 » 【或许解决】x64的Win7的Python通过PyInstaller打包的exe运行时，在别人的Win7下运行时出错：ImportError: The _imaging C module is not installed