XMPP == Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol
IMPP == Instant Messaging and Presence Protocol
RFC 2779标准是为了定义出一个统一的即时通讯方面的标准
-》而其中的一种实现了此标准的协议，叫做XMPP，
-》而XMPP是最开始源自于Jabber，后被采用为标准协议：
- RFC3920：Core内核
- RFC3921：Instant Messaging and Presence即时通讯和在线状态
-》
现在RFC3920和RFC3921已过时被废弃了，
而（在2011年RFC修订后 ）对应的新的标准是：
- RFC6120：Core内核
- RFC6121：Instant Messaging and Presence
- RFC6122：Address Format
核心的三个协议之外，其他还有一些XMPP的扩展协议：
| RFC | Short Name | Formats | Description |
| RFC 6120 | XMPP CORE | Text | HTML | XML streams, SASL, TLS, stanza semantics (supersedes RFC 3920) |
| RFC 6121 | XMPP IM | Text | HTML | XMPP extensions for basic instant messaging and presence (supersedes RFC 3921) |
| RFC 6122 | XMPP ADDR | Text | HTML | XMPP address format |
| RFC 3923 | XMPP E2E | Text | HTML | End-to-end signing and object encryption for XMPP |
| RFC 4854 | XMPP URN | Text | HTML | A Uniform Resource Name (URN) namespace for use in XMPP extensions |
| RFC 4979 | XMPP ENUM | Text | HTML | IANA registration of an Enumservice (see RFC 3761) for XMPP |
| RFC 5122 | XMPP URI | Text | HTML | A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) scheme for XMPP (this specification corrects several errors in RFC 4622) |
其他一些后续需要继续了解的资料：
- Core — information about the core XMPP technologies for XML streaming
- BOSH — an HTTP binding for XMPP (and other) traffic
- Jingle — SIP-compatible multimedia signalling for voice, video, file transfer, and other applications
- Multi-User Chat — flexible, multi-party communication
- PubSub — alerts and notifications for data syndication, rich presence, and more
比如：
3. Implementations
3.1 Servers
The following XMPP servers include built-in support for BOSH:
3.2 Connection Managers
The following standalone XMPP connection managers can be used with a wide variety of XMPP servers:
3.3 Clients
3.4 Libraries
The Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) is an open Extensible Markup Language XML [XML] protocol for near-real-time messaging, presence, and request-response services. The basic syntax and semantics were developed originally within the Jabber open-source community, mainly in 1999. In 2002, the XMPP WG was chartered with developing an adaptation of the Jabber protocol that would be suitable as an IETF instant messaging (IM) and presence technology. As a result of work by the XMPP WG, the current memo defines the core features of XMPP 1.0; the extensions required to provide the instant messaging and presence functionality defined in RFC 2779 [IMP‑REQS] are specified in Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP): Instant Messaging and Presence [XMPP‑IM].
其他相关标准：
Presence and Instant Messaging have recently emerged as a new mediumof communications over the Internet. Presence is a means forfinding, retrieving, and subscribing to changes in the presenceinformation (e.g. “online” or “offline”) of other users. Instantmessaging is a means for sending small, simple messages that aredelivered immediately to online users.Applications of presence and instant messaging currently useindependent, non-standard and non-interoperable protocols developedby various vendors. The goal of the Instant Messaging and PresenceProtocol (IMPP) Working Group is to define a standard protocol sothat independently developed applications of instant messaging and/orpresence can interoperate across the Internet. This document definesa minimal set of requirements that IMPP must meet.
The Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) is an application profile of the Extensible Markup Language (XML) that enables the near-real-time exchange of structured yet extensible data between any two or more network entities. This document defines XMPP’s core protocol methods: setup and teardown of XML streams, channel encryption, authentication, error handling, and communication primitives for messaging, network availability (“presence”), and request-response interactions. This document obsoletes RFC 3920.”Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP): Instant Messaging and Presence“This document defines extensions to core features of the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP) that provide basic instant messaging (IM) and presence functionality in conformance with the requirements in RFC 2779. This document obsoletes RFC 3921.”Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP): Address Format“This document defines the format for addresses used in the Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP), including support for non-ASCII characters. This document updates RFC 3920
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