| 第 3 章 配置crosstool-ng：ct-ng menuconfig | ||
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| 第 3 章 配置crosstool-ng：ct-ng menuconfig | ||
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目录
相关旧帖：【总结】crosstool-ng使用心得和注意事项
crosstool-ng中关于配置，此处，主要介绍两个大的方面：
关于crosstool-ng的配置本身，其实也有一定的使用逻辑和技巧。
这些逻辑和技巧，实际上，作者在其主页：
中已经解释过了，此处，是加上自己实际折腾的经验的基础上
再次整理出来，解释清楚：第 3.2 节 “crosstool-ng本身的配置的使用的基本逻辑”
很明显，由于配置参数极多，并且，不同版本中，也可能发生细微的变化，所以不可能面面俱到的解释所有的配置参数的详细的含义。
但是，又很明显，一些常见的参数，核心的参数，重要的参数，则至始至终，都不会改变的，而且也是必须要搞懂的。
所以，此处，主要介绍crosstool-ng中，常见的，核心的那些参数。
而这些常见的，核心的参数，根据其相关性，又主要分两方面：
在去使用和crosstool-ng之前，需要了解一些，和crosstool-ng本身的一些逻辑和背景知识。
然后才能对于后面的配置和编译，如何使用crosstool-ng，有个真正的理解。
正如Linux世界中的常见逻辑，crosstool-ng中，也可以通过help，查看到，其本身具有哪些功能：
CLi@PC-CLI-1 ~/develop/crosstool-ng/crosstool-ng-1.18.0_build $ ct-ng help This is crosstool-NG version 1.18.0 Copyright (C) 2008 Yann E. MORIN <[email protected]> This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See below for a list of available actions, listed by category: Configuration actions: menuconfig - Update current config using a menu based program oldconfig - Update current config using a provided .config as base extractconfig - Extract to stdout the configuration items from a build.log file piped to stdin defconfig - Save current config as a mini-defconfig to ${CONFIG} olddefconfig - Update config from a mini-defconfig ${CONFIG} (default: ${CONFIG}=./defconfig) saveconfig - Save current config as a preconfigured target show-tuple - Print the tuple of the currently configured toolchain Preconfigured toolchains (#: force number of // jobs): list-samples - prints the list of all samples (for scripting) show-<sample> - show a brief overview of <sample> (list with list-samples) <sample> - preconfigure crosstool-NG with <sample> (list with list-samples) build-all[.#] - Build *all* samples (list with list-samples) and install in ${CT_PREFIX} (which you must set) Build actions (#: force number of // jobs): build[.#] - Build the currently configured toolchain list-steps - List all build steps Clean actions: clean - Remove generated files distclean - Remove generated files, configuration and build directories Distribution actions: wiki-samples - Print a DokuWiki table of samples updatetools - Update the config tools tarball - Build a tarball of the configured toolchain Environment variables (see /opt/crosstool-ng/share/doc/crosstool-ng/ct-ng.1.18.0/0 - Table of content.txt): STOP=step - Stop the build just after this step (list with list-steps) RESTART=step - Restart the build just before this step (list with list-steps) CT_PREFIX=dir - install samples in dir (see action "build-all", above). V=0|1|2 - 0 => show only human-readable messages (default) 1 => show only the commands being executed 2 => show both Use action "menuconfig" to configure your toolchain Use action "build" to build your toolchain Use action "version" to see the version See "man 1 ct-ng" for some help as well
正如此，看了help之后，才有后面的，各种功能的用法。比如：
查看当前有哪些（默认的）示例配置，可以用：
ct-ng list-samples
查看单个的某个示例配置的核心参数，用：
ct-ng show-<sample>
直接借用（使用，调用）该默认配置，用：
ct-ng <sample>
等等。
关于其他的更多用法，后续会详细解释的。
如上所述，用list-steps，可以查看到，当前，用crosstool-ng去build，去制作交叉编译器，具体分成哪些步骤：
![[提示]](http://www.crifan.com/files/res/docbook/images/tip.png)
CLi@PC-CLI-1 ~/develop/crosstool-ng/crosstool-ng-1.18.0_build
$ ct-ng list-steps
Available build steps, in order:
- libc_check_config
- companion_libs_for_build
- binutils_for_build
- companion_libs_for_host
- binutils_for_host
- cc_core_pass_1
- kernel_headers
- libc_start_files
- cc_core_pass_2
- libc
- cc_for_build
- cc_for_host
- libelf_for_target
- binutils_for_target
- debug
- test_suite
- finish
Use "<step>" as action to execute only that step.
Use "+<step>" as action to execute up to that step.
Use "<step>+" as action to execute from that step onward.
知道了，此处分了多少步骤，具体有哪些步骤之后
后面才有可能去实现，从之前出错的哪一步，恢复，继续编译。
如第 3.1.1 节 “用ct-ng help查看所拥有的功能”中所述，我们可以通过
ct-ng list-samples
查看到，当前crosstool-ng中，已经有了哪些默认的，帮我们配置好的哪些配置：
CLi@PC-CLI-1 ~/develop/crosstool-ng/crosstool-ng-1.18.0
$ ct-ng list-samples
Status Sample name
MKDIR config.gen
IN config.gen/arch.in
IN config.gen/kernel.in
IN config.gen/cc.in
IN config.gen/binutils.in
IN config.gen/libc.in
IN config.gen/debug.in
[L.X] alphaev56-unknown-linux-gnu
[L.X] alphaev67-unknown-linux-gnu
[L.X] arm-bare_newlib_cortex_m3_nommu-eabi
[L.X] arm-cortex_a15-linux-gnueabi
[L..] arm-cortex_a8-linux-gnueabi
[L..] arm-davinci-linux-gnueabi
[L..] armeb-unknown-eabi
[L.X] armeb-unknown-linux-gnueabi
[L.X] armeb-unknown-linux-uclibcgnueabi
[L..] arm-unknown-eabi
[L..] arm-unknown-linux-gnueabi
[L.X] arm-unknown-linux-uclibcgnueabi
[L.X] armv6-rpi-linux-gnueabi
[L.X] avr32-unknown-none
[L..] bfin-unknown-linux-uclibc
[L..] i586-geode-linux-uclibc
[L.X] i586-mingw32msvc,i686-none-linux-gnu
[L.X] i686-nptl-linux-gnu
[L.X] i686-unknown-mingw32
[L.X] m68k-unknown-elf
[L.X] m68k-unknown-uclinux-uclibc
[L.X] mips64el-n32-linux-uclibc
[L.X] mips64el-n64-linux-uclibc
[L.X] mips-ar2315-linux-gnu
[L..] mipsel-sde-elf
[L..] mipsel-unknown-linux-gnu
[L.X] mips-malta-linux-gnu
[L..] mips-unknown-elf
[L.X] mips-unknown-linux-uclibc
[L..] powerpc-405-linux-gnu
[L.X] powerpc64-unknown-linux-gnu
[L..] powerpc-860-linux-gnu
[L.X] powerpc-e300c3-linux-gnu
[L.X] powerpc-e500v2-linux-gnuspe
[L..] powerpc-unknown_nofpu-linux-gnu
[L..] powerpc-unknown-linux-gnu
[L..] powerpc-unknown-linux-uclibc
[L.X] s390-ibm-linux-gnu
[L.X] s390x-ibm-linux-gnu
[L..] sh4-unknown-linux-gnu
[L..] x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
[L..] x86_64-unknown-linux-uclibc
[L.X] x86_64-unknown-mingw32
L (Local) : sample was found in current directory
G (Global) : sample was installed with crosstool-NG
X (EXPERIMENTAL): sample may use EXPERIMENTAL features
B (BROKEN) : sample is currently broken
如此，后续就可以去使用这些默认配置了。
在后续的配置（和编译）之后，可以通过show-tuple，去查看到当前配置的交叉编译器是啥样的：
比如，我之前在折腾：
【记录】重试使用最新版本1.18.0的crosstool-ng去配置和编译xscale的交叉编译器
后，对应的结果是：
CLi@PC-CLI-1 ~/develop/crosstool-ng/crosstool-ng-1.18.0_build
$ ct-ng show-tuple
arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi
就知道当前，配置的交叉编译器，是：arm-xscale-linux-gnueabi
类似的，可以通过version查看当前的crosstool-ng工具本身的版本：
CLi@PC-CLI-1 ~/develop/crosstool-ng/crosstool-ng-1.18.0_build $ ct-ng version This is crosstool-NG version 1.18.0 Copyright (C) 2008 Yann E. MORIN <[email protected]> This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
即，此处的crosstool-ng的版本是：1.18.0
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| 2.2. 安装crosstool-ng |  |
3.2. crosstool-ng本身的配置的使用的基本逻辑 |