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【整理】嵌入式外设之RS232

http://www.camiresearch.com/Data_Com_Basics/RS232_standard.html#anchor1155404

RS-232 - A standard defining the signals between two devices, defining the signal names, their purpose, voltage levels, connectors and pinouts. This is a specific interface standard that allows for equipment interoperability. While two pieces of hardware may have UARTs, you don't know that they'll connect without damage, or communicate properly unless you know they have the same pinout and voltage standards, or include a converter or specially wired cable specific to the interconnection of these two specificl devices. To avoid the need for special converters or cables, the manufacturers may choose to follow the RS-232 standard. You know, then, that a standard RS-232 cable will connect the two. However, neither the UART, nor the RS-232 standard define what is sent on the TX and RX lines. Generally, when people use RS-232, they use a simple 8 bit NRZ encoding with one start bit and one stop bit. Most equipment today manufactured uses this encoding, but there's no requirement to do so. You can find older equipment that includes parity bits, or uses 7 or 9 bits. The UART can be configured to support these various protocols on its TX and RX lines. UARTs do not typically interface directly with RS-232. You will need to convert the output of the UART to the +/-12V standard that RS-232 requires. A complete RS-232 interface will typically involve both a UART and an RS-232 level converter. Further, the RS-232 standard includes the definition of several other signalling pins besides TX and RX, which you may need to use depending on the equipment you need to connect to. These will also need to be level converted, and your UART may, or may not, support these signals. If it does not you will have to control them with your software/firmware directly. So while a UART may help you implement an RS-232 interface, it is not an RS-232 interface itself.